In this study, the UV mutagenesis was performed to enhance lipid productivity in Chlorella sp. 042 isolated from East Kalimantan. One hundred colonies were screened with a method based on Nile Red fluorescence. Growth, biomass, and lipid parameters of the selected mutants (M7 and M22) were grown in a batch system of 400 mL AF6 medium and analyzed in detail. The result showed that the lipid content of M7 and M22 were higher than wild type (30.82%), 35.15%, and 43.85%, respectively. The M22 slightly had higher carbohydrate and protein content than wild type and M7. The overall result indicates that the treatment of UV mutagenesis to Chlorella sp. 042 can increase the total lipid production and other biomass content. The mutant could consecutively be used as the lipid feedstock for algal oil production.
Endophytic microbes are microbes which live symbiotically inside the plant tissue. The potential of those microbes were studied for many purposes such as industrial and agriculture. The purpose of this research was to study the potential of endophytic microbes for bioactive compound production as plants protection agent. From 238 bacteria isolates tested, it were identified that 44 bacteria were against the Xanthomonas campestris, 49 isolates against Pseudomonas solanacearum, 28 isolates against Colletotricum gloeosporioides, 18 isolates against Fusarium oxysporum, 19 isolates against Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas solanacearum, 6 isolates against X. campestris and C. gloeosporioides, four isolates against X. campestris and F. oxysporum, two isolates against P. solanacearum and F. oxysporum, seven isolates against C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum, five isolates againt X. campestris, P. solanacearum and C. gloeosporioides. Fermentation process was conducted to collect the bioactive compound against pathogen. Isolates HL.50B.106 could produce bioactive compound against C. gloeosporioides, and F. oxysporum, isolates HL.13B.21 against X. campestris and P. solanacearum, isolates Hl.12B.19 against X. campestris, P. solanacearum and C. gloeosporioides. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed specific spot, different from standard (media). Spot was purple in color after sprayed with CeSO 4. Rf value of HL.50B.106 extract were 0.51 and 0.53 (fraction 1 and 2), 0.62 and 0.64 (fraction 3 and 4).
Pseudomonas has the potential ability for production of citrate synthase synthesis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa could synthesize the enzyme of citrate synthase which is most likely compatible with microalgae cell. Pseudomonas aerugenosa can be found in the rhizosphere of Kruing (Dipterocarpus sp., Dipterocarpaceae). This bacteria is commonly used in agriculture purposes because it is able to synthesize organic acid such as citric acid. These organic acids are synthesized from a reaction between oxaloacetate and acetyl CoA, catalyzed by citrate synthase (CS) in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA). Rhizosphere as microbial sources was obtained from Kruing (Dipterocarpus sp.), which was collected from ‘Carita’ Research Forest, Pandeglang, Banten, West Java. Citrate synthase gene-specific primers were designed based on citrate synthase gene sequences as depicted in Genbank. The isolation and amplification showed that citrate synthase can be detected and purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa target and it consists of 1600 bp and encodes 509 amino acids. Based on BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) analysis, CS genes that were successfully isolated had 92 % similarity with Pseudomonas aeruginosa type II citrate synthase. This CS gene is expected to be expressed in microalgae metabolism to divert the metabolism of carbohydrate formation into fatty acids.
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