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ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmada DSM-5 tanı ölçütlerine göre yeniden düzenlenen Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi (6-18 Yaş) -Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Şekli-DSM-5 Kasım 2016-Türkçe Uyarlaması'nın (ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T) geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Yaşları 6-17 arasındaki, 150 çocuk ve ergene ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T uygulanmıştır. ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T ile konulan tanıların geçerliği, klinik değerlendirme ile konulan DSM-5 tanıları (uyum geçerliği) ve o tanıyı değerlendiren ölçek puanları (eş zaman geçerliği) dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendiriciler arası güvenirlik seçkisiz yöntemle belirlenen 20 katılımcıda incelenmiştir. Ayrıca aynı yöntemle seçilen 20 farklı katılımcıyla yapılan ilk değerlendirmeden üç hafta sonra ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T uygulanarak test-tekrar test güvenirliği araştırılmıştır.Bulgular: ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T ile yapılan görüşme ile konulan tanıların uyumunun yeme bozuklukları, seçici konuşmazlık ve otizm spektrumu bozuklukları açısından çok iyi (κ=0,92-1,0), dışa atım bozuklukları, obsesif kompulsif bozukluk, karşıt olma/karşı gelme bozukluğu, yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu, sosyal anksiyete bozukluğu, depresif bozukluklar, yıkıcı duygudurum düzensizliği bozukluğu ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu açısından iyi (κ=0,67-0,80) düzeyde olduğu gözlenmiştir. Değerlendiriciler arası güvenirliğin seçici konuşmazlık için çok iyi (κ=1,0), karşıt olma/karşı gelme bozukluğu, yıkıcı duygudurum düzensizliği bozukluğu, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu ve depresif bozukluklar için iyi derecede (κ=0,63-0,73) olduğu; test-tekrar test güvenirliğinin de otizm spektrumu bozuklukları için çok iyi derecede (κ=0,82), dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, karşıt olma/karşı gelme bozukluğu, depresif bozukluklar ve yaygın anksiyete bozukluğu ve için iyi derecede (κ=0,62-0,78) olduğu görülmüştür.Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ÇDŞG-ŞY-DSM-5-T'nin görüşme çizelgesine yeni eklenen seçici konuşmazlık, yıkıcı duygudurum düzensizliği bozukluğu ve otizm spektrumu bozuklukları dâhil birçok tanı grubu için geçerli ve güvenilir veri sağladığını düşündürmüştür. Method:A total of 150 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were assessed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T. The degree of agreement between the DSM-5 criteria diagnoses and the K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T diagnoses were considered as the measure of consensus validity. In addition, concurrent validity was examined by analyzing the correlation between the diagnoses on K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T and relevant scales. Interrater reliabilities were assessed on randomly selected 20 participants. Likewise, randomly selected 20 other participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL-DSM-5-T three weeks after the first interview to evaluate test-retest reliability. Results:The consistency of diagnoses was almost perfect for eating disorders, selective mutism and autism spectrum disorder (κ=0.92-1.0), substantial for elimination disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, s...

To analyze the effect of possible risk factors, including breastfeeding, on the development of childhood-onset psoriasis, a multicenter case-control study with prospective collection of data was performed. Using a standard questionnaire, personal and specific variables including family history of psoriasis, maternal and environmental tobacco smoke exposure, body mass index (BMI), exclusive and partial breastfeeding for at least 3 and 12 months, cow's milk intake before 1 year, birth delivery method, and stressful life events were collected during 2009 from 537 patients with psoriasis and 511 controls younger than 18. Overall, patients more frequently reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke at home and stressful life events in the year preceding the diagnosis than controls. The odds ratios (OR) for smoking and stressful life events were 2.90 (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.27-3.78) and 2.94 (95% CI=2.28-3.79), respectively. In addition, children with psoriasis were more likely to have a higher BMI (>26) than controls (OR=2.52; 95% CI=1.42-4.49). High BMI, environmental tobacco smoke exposure at home, and stressful life events may influence the development of pediatric psoriasis.

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Aim To evaluate the impact of the COVID‐19 lockdown on adolescents with eating disorders (ED) and identify factors predicting ED behaviour. Method This study took place during an age‐stratified lockdown for those under 20 years in Turkey. Participants completed a survey developed to evaluate the effects of the lockdown on ED behaviour, well‐being and quality of life (QoL) and additionally the eating disorder examination questionnaire (EDE‐Q), and scales for depression, anxiety and obsessive‐compulsive behaviour. The relationship between the EDE‐Q‐global score and other variables related to ED was examined. Linear regression analysis was performed to examine the predictive power of these variables on ED behaviour. Results Thirty‐eight ED patients with a mean age of 15.12 ± 1.56 years were included in the study. Of participants, 42.1% reported feeling an improvement in ED symptomatology, 71.0% reported none or rare conflict with parents due to eating, 39.5% reported often or always complying with their meal plan. Of participants, 92.0% agreed to ‘understanding the value of being healthy’ and stated realizing that ‘they were in control’ due to the pandemic. Of participants 36.9% scored ‘bad’ for both overall and ED related QoL. In the stepwise regression analysis depression score had the highest predictive value for ED behaviour. Conclusion Almost half of the participants felt an improvement in their ED and a majority reported rare parental conflict. However, less than half reported meal plan compliance. As depression had the highest positive predictive value for ED behaviour additional screening for depression during the pandemic maybe warranted in ED patients.

It is imperative to raise awareness of EDs in males. Although the medical findings of the study suggest that male and female adolescents with EDs are clinically similar to each other, the understanding of certain gender-specific risk factors shown in our study, such as a medical illness and/or obesity and co-morbid psychiatric diagnosis, are essential in raising suspicion. Further studies that especially evaluate cultural and social factors that affect parenting styles for boys are important in addessing possible risk factors for the development of EDs in males within different societies.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate social functioning and its relation to associated psychiatric symptoms and disorders in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa. METHODS: Thirty-two adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa aged between 12 and 18 years were compared to a control group of 30 adolescent girls without any psychiatric disorder. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children, Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was applied to determine comorbid psychiatric disorders in the anorexia nervosa group and to rule out any psychiatric disorder in the control group. Submissive Acts Scale, Shyness Scale and Social Comparison Scale were used to assess social functioning. RESULTS: Submissive behaviours and negative social comparisons were significantly higher in adolescents with anorexia nervosa and were more associated with the comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms, rather than the severity of anorexia nervosa symptoms. CONCLUSION: The results of this study would guide us to develop more effective treatment strategies for adolescents with anorexia nervosa who have comorbid psychiatric symptoms. Treatment strategies in this age group should consider social functioning and its relation to accompanying psychiatric symptoms and aim to improve social communication and coping skills.