<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Vitiligo is fairly commonly encountered disorder of pigmentation resulting in the presence of numerous depigmented macules and patches over the body. Vitamin D is an essential hormone synthesized in the skin. Levels of vitamin D have been found to be low in patients with vitiligo. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if vitamin D levels have any association with vitiligo, by estimating the levels of vitamin D in patients with vitiligo, and correlating type of vitiligo with vitamin D levels.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital based case control study was done in the Dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary center in South India from October 2014 to May 2016. About 45 consenting patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were chosen for the study. About 45 age and sex matched consenting individuals without vitiligo were chosen as controls from the Dermatology outpatient department. A detailed history and clinical examination of all the consenting subjects was done. Blood samples were collected from both the cases and controls by venepuncture and sera separated. The levels of Vitamin D were estimated using a vitamin D ELISA kit.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">There was no statistically significant difference in vitamin D levels between patients and controls. There was no correlation between type of vitiligo and vitamin D value. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Vitamin D does not appear to have any role in vitiligo patients in this study.</span></p>

We present a case report of a 45-year-old lady with history of swelling on right side of the nose since two years. On clinical examination, there was a firm swelling, 3 × 2 cm in size, just above the right nasoalar crease, nontender and mobile. Computed tomography revealed fibrous tissue over anterior surface of the right maxilla and nasal bone with mild sclerosis of the right nasal bone. Excision was done through lateral rhinotomy incision. Histopathological examination of the excised specimen revealed spindle cell lipoma which is very rare. Very few cases have been reported in the literature so far.

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. This malignancy has a predilection fo r the upper aerodiges tive tract, although it has been fo und in multiple other sites. The tumor is highly aggressive biologically, and the overall prognosis is poor despite intensive treatment. We describe a case ofbasaloid squamous cell carcinoma ofthe larynx that metastasized to the spine.

PURPOSE:To compare success rates of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and external DCR for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective comparative non randomized study of 64 patients who presented with acquired NLD obstruction to a tertiary hospital. They were fully evaluated to ascertain the site of obstruction and patients with distal obstruction were included in the study. 34 patients underwent endoscopic DCR and 30 patients underwent external DCR RESULTS: 64 patients were included in the study and 72 procedures carried out. Success was achieved in 65 cases and failure in 7. Of the 7 failed cases, anatomical obstruction at the fistula site was found in 3, whereas functional failure was found in 4. In our patients, endoscopic DCR had a significantly higher success rate than external DCR, 95.23% versus 83.33% (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The success rate of Endoscopic DCR for acquired NLDO in our group of patients was 95.23%, with endoscopic surgery showing better results.

BACKGROUNDFine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, inexpensive technique with a rapid turn-around time and is a minimally invasive technique with high specificity and sensitivity. FNAC is widely used for the diagnosis of parotid lumps, but is now also being extensively used in neck masses.The objective of this study is to assess the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC of parotid masses with that of histopathological correlation and also to distinguish between a neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesion.

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Paediatric tympanoplasty is regarded by many as being less successful than in adults due to higher incidence of otitis media. In our study, we are trying to determine the pre-operative conditions that influence the success of paediatric tympanoplasty and construct a prognostic index for the same.To determine which pre-operative conditions or surgical technique may influence the success of pediatric tympanoplasty and to construct a prognostic index for the same.40 children between 8-15 years were included in this prospective study between June 2018- August 2019 in Department of ENT, in our institution. Pure Tone Audiograms were recorded pre and post operatively.The positive outcomes measured were integrity of tympanic membrane, minimum of 10decibel gain in auditory threshold and air filled space in middle ear. Higher success rate was observed in cases with elder age group (12-15 years), shorter duration of ear discharge, longer period of dry ear and small size of perforation.Tympanoplasty in children is a current and controversial theme. We have made a novice attempt to define factors that predict success or failure in paediatric tympanoplasty.