OBJECTIVE: a) To describe the socio-demographic characteristics of couples with primary infertility. b) To estimate the prevalence of primary infertility in study population. c) To find out the probable causes of primary infertility. DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING: Rural field practice area of tertiary hospital, Bangalore. SAMPLE: Complete enumeration of entire Kumbalgodu Primary Health center area covering 26, 190 populations. METHODS: In depth interview using a pretested pre-structured questionnaire along with the help of key informants -ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) workers was conducted for a period of 18 months
Background: Infants constitute 2.92% of the total population in India. Health of infants is considered as a sensitive indicator of health status and level of socio-economic development of a country. In India, the infant morbidity and mortality are in decline, but the pace of decline is not sufficient to attain the target goals of National Health Mission. Objective: To assess the factors influencing infant morbidity in the urban field practice area of a medical college in Bangalore. Methods and Material: This was a population based cross sectional study done at an urban poor locality in Bangalore. The study was conducted between April 2018 to September 2019 with a sample size of 300 after obtaining the approval from Institutional ethics committee. Population proportion to size was used to ensure equal representation. Data was collected using pre tested semi structured questionnaire & analysed using open epi like descriptive statistics with univariate & multi variate logistic regression were used. Results: Total of 165(55%) subjects were females, with majority 206(68.7%) Muslim by religion and 161(53.7%) lived in the nuclear family. The prevalence of morbidities among infants was 209(69.7%). The most common infant morbidities reported were 121(40.3%) ARI, 85(28.3%) fever and 45(15%) diarrhea. Infants with perinatal complications, faulty feeding practices like delayed initiation of breast feeding, bottle feeding and immunization had significant association with infant morbidities. Conclusions: To conclude there is a statistically significant association between perinatal complications, bottle feeding & partial immunization with infant morbidity. Keywords: Infant, Immunization, Breast feeding, Morbidity
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Ear piercing and ornament wearing is a historical tradition. Dilated ear lobe and torn earlobe usually results from sudden trauma or continuous use of heavy earrings. Various surgical techniques have been described for the correction of the same. Each procedure has its own pros and cons. The choice will depend on individual preferences and the defect, partial or total, and should offer a lower chance of recurrence. The corrections can be made with or without preservation of the earring orifice. The aim and objectives of this study was to present and discuss a novel technique of repairing the partial and complete cleft ear practiced at Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Karnataka, India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was done on the use of a novel technique “Step advancement flap” in the repair of partial and complete cleft ear lobe in 18 patients. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A good post-operative results were achieved in all the patients with maintained ear lobe thickness and a sutured skin scar away from the center.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our technique has an advantage of maintaining the normal ear lobe thickness and the sutured skin scar away from the center on either side of the ear lobule compared to other techniques. Thus the neo piercing can be done at a fresh central skin avoiding the skin scar.</p>
Infertility has been recognized as a public health issue worldwide by the World Health Organization (WHO).1The 1981 census of India estimated infertility to be in the range of 4-6%. 1 According to DLHS survey Karnataka, women who had primary and secondary infertility constitute 5.9 and 1.7 percent respectively of ever married women between 15-49 years. 2 Infertile couples seek various traditional methods and religious practices, including visits to temples, abstaining from visiting a place where women has delivered a child, observing tantric rites, wearing charms, participating in rituals and visiting astrologers. Irrespective of who the infertile person is, it is the woman who usually initiates the first contact with the physician. Couples with primary infertility are usually more interested in treatment than those with secondary infertility. 3 The problem of infertility has not given its due attention in India because it is not a life threatening condition. Patterns of treatment-seeking depend on the couple's socioeconomic status, decision-making within the ABSTRACT Background: According to DLHS survey Karnataka, women who had primary and secondary infertility constitute 5.9 and 1.7 percent respectively of ever married women between 15-49 years. Main objectives of the study were to describe the socio demographic characteristics prevailing among infertile subjects of the study population and to describe the treatment seeking pattern among the infertile couples of the study population Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at rural field practice area of tertiary hospital, Bangalore, India. Complete enumeration of entire Primary Health center area covering 26,190 populations. In depth interview using a pretested pre-structured questionnaire was conducted enumerating all couples with infertility in the entire Primary Health Centre area and their treatment seeking behaviour. Results: Total population covered under the study is 26,190. Among them number of couples were 5210. Among 5210 couples, total number of eligible couples was 4120. Eligible couples are currently married couples where the women are in the reproductive age group between 15-49 years. Among the eligible couples only 1379 were exposed the risk of pregnancy. Couples who are exposed to risk of pregnancy include those who are cohabitating and not using any approved methods of contraception, where women is not pregnant and not in lactational amenorrhoea. Prevalence of primary infertility is 4.5%.Prevalence of secondary infertility is 3.6%.So the prevalence of infertility is 8.1%. Conclusions: Most common treatment seeking pattern was allopathy followed by traditional healers. Most common reason for not taking treatment was economic hardship among those with primary infertility and in those with secondary infertility was that they wanted to wait for spontaneous conception.
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