Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...
Objective: to analyze the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS and its relationship with sociodemographic variables, health satisfaction and time since diagnosis.Method: quantitative, cross-sectional study with a sample of 100 HIV positive people monitored in a specialized service in southeastern Brazil. Sociodemographic and health forms were applied, followed by the WHOQOL-HIV BREF, a short form instrument validated to evaluate the quality of life. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: the perception of quality of life was intermediate in all quality of life domains. A relationship was identified between greater satisfaction with health and better quality of life, as well as statistically significant differences among the dimensions of quality of life according to gender, employment status, family income, personal income, religious beliefs and time since diagnosis.Conclusions: the time since the diagnosis of HIV infection enables reconfigurations in the perception of quality of life, while spirituality and social relationships can assist in coping with living with this disease.
Objective: analyze the knowledge of hospital nurses about the ethical and legal aspects in nursing care for domestic violence victims.Method: qualitative research, involving 34 nurses at two hospital in the city of Rio Grande-RS (Brazil). The data were collected between May and August 2014 through semistructured interviews and analyzed by means of the software Analyse Lexicale par Contexte d'un Ensemble de Segment de Texte, which groups the lexicons with similar roots, constituting the classes according to the function of the words in the text.Results: the class generated two subclasses: the nurses' (lack of) knowledge on the legal competences, in which the confusion between a police compliant and a mandatory report was observed; and (lack of) knowledge on the ethical competences, in which they mention the need for secrecy, advice and privacy in the care process. Continuing education empowers the professionals, which entails the visibility of the violence in the health area.Conclusion: the attention of instutucional managers for training the professionals is necessary. The reified knowledge on the phenomenon, associated with the relational care, point towards humanized and emancipatory nursing care to the victims. DESCRIPTORS: Domestic violence. Violence against women. Ethics, professional. Liability, legal. Nursing care. Professional training. Resultados: a classe gerou duas subclasses: (des)conhecimento das enfermeiras acerca das competências legais; nela observou-se a confusão entre denúncia policial e notificação compulsória, e (des)conhecimento das enfermeiras acerca das competências éticas, em que mencionam a necessidade de sigilo, orientação e privacidade no processo de cuidar. A educação permanente empodera os profissionais refletindo na visibilidade da violência, no campo da saúde. Acosta DF, Gomes VLO, Oliveira DC, Gomes GC, Fonseca AD 2/9 ASPECTOS ÉTICOS E LEGAIS NO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM ÀS Conclusão ASPECTOS ÉTICOS Y LEGALES EN EL CUIDADO DE ENFERMERÍA DE VÍCTIMAS DE VIOLENCIA DOMÉSTICA RESUMENObjetivo: analizar el conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre los aspectos éticos y legales en la atención de enfermería a víctimas de violencia doméstica.Método: investigación cualitativa con 34 enfermeros de dos hospitales de la ciudad de Rio Grande-RS (Brasil). Los datos se recolectaron entre mayo y agosto de 2014, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas y analizados utilizando el software Analyse lexicale par Contexte d'un Ensemble Segmento de Texte, que agrupa los léxicos, con raíces similares, formando clases de acuerdo a la función palabras en el texto.Resultados: la clase generó dos subclases: (des)conocimiento de las enfermeras sobre las habilidades legales; se observó la confusión entre los denuncia ante la policía y la notificación obligatoria, y el conocimiento (falta de) de las enfermeras sobre competencias éticas, citando la necesidad de mantener el secreto, la orientación y la privacidad en el proceso de atención. La educación permanente permite a los profesionales que reflejan la visibil...
2Gomes AMT, Oliveira DC. A auto e heteroimagem profissional do enfermeiro em saúde pública: um estudo de representações sociais. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem 2005 novembro-dezembro; 13 (6)
ObjectiveTo evaluate physical and psychological dimensions of adolescent labor (such as job demands, job control, and social support in the work environment), and their relation to reported body pain, work injuries, sleep duration and daily working hours. Methods A total of 354 adolescents attending evening classes at a public school in São Paulo, Brazil, answered questionnaires regarding their living and working conditions (Karasek's Job Content Questionnaire, 1998), and their health status. Data collection took place in April and May 2001. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine relations among variables. ResultsPsychological job demands were related to body pain (OR=3.3), higher risk of work injuries (OR=3.0) and reduced sleep duration in weekdays (Monday to Thursday) (p<0.01). Lower decision authority in the workplace (p=0.03) and higher job security (p=0.02) were related to longer daily working hours. Conclusions It was concluded that besides physical stressors, psychological factors are to be taken into account when studying adolescent working conditions, as they may be associated with negative job conditions and health effects. Resumo Objetivo
O estudo analisa conseqüências do trabalho para as condições de vida, saúde e desenvolvimento psicossocial de adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 354 estudantes de 14 a 18 anos, do ensino médio, período noturno. A análise das representações foi realizada a partir da coleta de evocações livres. Os dados sobre sono foram obtidos por meio de questionários, sobre auto-percepções acerca das condições de vida e trabalho, sintomas de saúde e doenças. A análise de dados foi realizada com o software EVOC 2000 e SPSS. Constataram-se diferenças significativas na duração média de sono entre os adolescentes: os trabalhadores relataram menores médias de duração de sono. Entre os trabalhadores, referiram dormir menos os que sentem sono no trabalho e nas aulas, têm maiores exigências psicológicas no trabalho, ganham acima de 1 salário mínimo mensal, jornadas acima de 6 horas diárias ou acima de 20 horas semanais, trabalham em local barulhento e com presença de gases e vapores. As representações do trabalho entre os jovens apontam contradição entre o seu reconhecimento como valor moral positivo para o desenvolvimento psicossocial e a construção da identidade, e as conseqüências negativas decorrentes da exposição a cargas físicas e psicológicas precocemente.
Conocimientos y prácticas de los adolescentes sobre EST y SIDA en adolescentes en dos escuelas públicas municipales de Río de Janeiro Abstract ResumenEl presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los conocimientos que tienen los jóvenes sobre la prevención de EST y del SIDA y la adopción de los preservativos masculinos. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo con 492 adolescentes de dos escuelas del municipio de Río de Janeiro. Los datos fueron obtenidos en el año de 2003 a través de cuestionarios y analizados con el software EPI-INFO 6.0. Respecto a la prevención, 94,5% considera que el preservativo es el método más eficaz, sin embargo, 10,8% considera que las píldoras anticonceptivas también previenen las EST y el SIDA y 16,9% de los adolescentes entrevistados revela que mantener relaciones sexuales sólo con sus parejas es un método de prevención eficaz . Con relación a las prácticas de prevención, se analizaron solamente los adolescentes con vida sexual activa (492), 11% nunca uso preservativos durante las relaciones sexuales, 32,7% los utiliza algunas veces, y 53,3% los utiliza en todas las relaciones sexuales. De este modo, se concluyó que el conocimiento no se expresa directamente en las práticas de prevención y que la relación estable y el uso de anticonceptivos están asociados a la prevención de EST y SIDA, de forma positiva o negativa..
With the objective of discussing the implications of the social representations of HIV/AIDS for the interpersonal relations and the practices for protection among adolescents, 15 semidirective interviews were carried out with adolescents, both with and without HIV, assisted at a Hospital School in Rio de Janeiro. The software ALCESTE 4.5 was used for the data analysis. It was observed that the social representation of AIDS is structured around cognitions connected to prevention, revealing a contradiction between the knowledge and the practices reported by the group. It is suggested that the nursing practices should be directed towards the reduction of the distance between practices, representations and scientific knowledge.
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