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Bu çalışmada Türk Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Derneği'nin en geniş katılımlı ulusal kongrelerinde sunulan sözlü bildirilerin literatüre katkısı araştırıldı. Ça lış ma pla nı: Mayıs 2018 tarihinde iki yılda bir düzenlenen 12, 13. ve 14. kongrelerde sözlü olarak sunulan toplam 675 bildiri PubMed ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarında tarandı. Bildiriler gönderildikleri kurum, bilimsel dergilerde yayımlanma durumu, hakemli derginin türü ve yayımlanma yılı açısından incelendi. Bul gu lar: 675 sözlü bildirinin, %69.1'i klinik çalışma, %18.8'i olgu sunumu ve %12.1'i deneysel araştırma idi. Kabul edilen bildirilerin %47.3'ü üniversite hastanelerinden, %36.1'i eğitim ve araştırma hastanelerinden ve %16.6'sı diğer karma kurumlardan gönderildi. Bildirilerin toplam 279'u (%41.3) makale olarak bilimsel bir dergide yayımlandı. Yayımlanma oranı açısından kurumlar arasında anlamlı bir fark olmakla birlikte (p= 0.04), üniversite hastaneleri en yüksek orana sahipti. Bildirilerin bilimsel bir dergide yayımlanma süresi ortalama 16.7±9.1 (dağılım, 4-60) ay idi. So nuç: Türk Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Derneği'nin son üç kongresinde sunulan bildirilerin yayına dönüşme oranı, diğer uzmanlık alanlarına ait ulusal kongrelerinde bildirilen literatür sonuçlarına göre daha yüksek, ancak uluslararası kongrelere kıyasla daha düşüktür. Uluslararası bildiriler ile aynı düzeye ulaşmak için bu oranın artırılması ve araştırmacıları yayına teşvik edici yöntemlerin geliştirilmesi gerektiğine inanmaktayız.

The effects of sea cucumber, Holothuria tubulosa, on sediment of hypereutrophic conditions were investigated. Research was designed as two groups with 3 replicates. And data determined from sea cucumber groups were compared to that of the control. Water samples and sediment samples were analyzed three times in a week with respect to nitrogenous materials and organic carbon. The differences between the initial and final concentrations of % C, ammonium, nitrate and nitrite were significant (p < 0.05) at the end of the 84 days of experiment. The data from the present study showed that sea cucumber played an important role in the refreshing of sea water. Therefore, it can be suggested that sea cucumbers might be successfully used for the improvement of coastal regions especially in the areas with fish farming.

The effect of various water temperatures on growth and survival rate of juvenile sea cucumbers (Holothuria tubulosa) had been investigated in this research. Average weight of 20.48±2.33 g of juvenile sea cucumbers were collected from the coastal zones of Aegean Sea by scuba diving. After the adaptation period, juveniles were placed into glass aquaria which have 4 different sea water temperatures and researched for 45 days under laboratory conditions. Sea water temperatures of trial groups were selected among the minimum (winter) and maximum (summer) temperatures recorded at the natural habitat of H. tubulosa juveniles. Thus, 4 temperature group were selected as 15, 20, 25 ve 30°C. The sea cucumber juveniles were fed on dried and powdered brown algae as references in the literature. The best specific growth rate (SGR) was recorded as 0.288±0.02 % day -1 in 25°C group. The lowest SGR was recorded as 0.085±0.005 % day -1 in 30°C trial group while the negative specific growth rate (-0.03±0.02 % day -1 ) was recorded in 15°C trial group. The aestivation observed in 30°C and hibernation in 15°C group would be a reason for such lower specific growth rates. The survival rate for all groups were 100% and the best growth performance was recorded in 25°C among others (P<0.05).Keywords: Sea cucumber, Holothuria tubulosa, aquaculture, temperature, growth. Farklı Sıcaklıklarda Deniz Hıyarı (Holothuria tubulosa, Gmelin, 1788) Genç Bireylerinin Büyüme ve Yaşama Oranı ÖzetBu çalışmada, farklı su sıcaklıklarının deniz hıyarı (Holothuria tubulosa ) genç bireylerinin büyüme ve yaşama oranları üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Ortalama 20,48±2,33 g ağırlıktaki genç H. tubulosa bireyleri Ege Denizi kıyılarından serbest dalış yöntemiyle elle toplanmıştır. Toplanan bireyler adapte edildikten sonra, laboratuar ortamında 45 gün boyuncadeniz suyu bulunan cam akvaryumlarda denemeye alınmıştır. Deniz hıyarlarının dağılım gösterdiği bölgedeki yaz ve kış deniz sıcaklıkları (en düşük ve en yüksek) sınır olmak üzere 4 farklı deniz suyu sıcaklığında (15, 20, 25 ve 30°C) deneme grupları oluşturulmuştur. Deneme süresince deniz hıyarları kurutulmuş kahverengi alg ile beslenmişlerdir. Deneme süresi sonunda en yüksek spesifik büyüme oranı (SBO) 0,288±0,02 % gün -1 olarak 25°C de kaydedilmiştir. En düşük spesifik büyüme oranı 0,085±0,005 % gün -1 değeri ile 30°C'de görülürken, 15°C'de negatif yönlü (-0,03±0,02 % gün -1 ) SBO kaydedilmiştir. Büyüme oranlarındaki düşük değerlerin 30°C'de gözlenen estivasyon (uyku) ve 15°C gözlenen hibernasyon davranışına bağlı olduğu düşünülmektedir. Tüm deneme gruplarında yaşama oranı %100 olup en iyi gelişim 25°C 'de tespit edilmiştir (P<0,05).

Surgical treatments for heart failure patients are being increasingly performed every year. While experiences in this field are increasing, transition to alternative surgical approaches to minimize incisions is gaining popularity. However, there are clinics that still avoid performing these techniques. In the current study, we aim to present our experiences in transitioning to a minimally invasive technique by comparing two groups. One group was operated with a minimally invasive technique that has been performed in the learning curve period, while the second was operated with a familiar and standard technique. One hundred twenty patients who were implanted with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) from April 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The first 30 LVAD-implanted patients via less invasive approach (since April 2017) were included in group 1, and the last 30 isolated LVAD implanted patients via standard full sternotomy were included in group 2. Early clinical outcomes were compared between these two groups. There were no significant differences between two groups in terms of demographic features and preoperative statuses. Group 1 had significantly lesser mortality rates, cardiopulmonary bypass times, drainages, and blood products. Hospital stays had no significant difference between the groups, while extubation times and ICU stays were significantly lesser in group 1. Left ventricular assist device implantation through thoracotomy and ministernotomy is as feasible as that done through the conventional full sternotomy technique. In this group of patients with a high risk of bleeding, besides providing less hemorrhage, we believe that the surgical procedure was not more difficult than the conventional method.

Sea cucumber, Holothuria tubulosa (Gmelin, 1788), is an economically valuable species due to its rich nutrients content that being exported in Turkey. However, culture of this species is difficult due to a lack of knowledge. The main objective of this study is to investigate seasonal activities of main digestive enzymes (protease, lipase, and amylase) for nutritional requirements. In this sense, sea cucumbers were stocked in the glass aquarium and sediment was 10 cm. It was replaced monthly and enriched (1% of the living individual weight) by dried Sargassum sp. Total protease and amylase enzymes have shown higher activity compared to lipase. All three enzyme activities were maximum in the summer and minimum in the winter. In summer, the highest measured total protease, amylase, and lipase activity values were 6.45 ± 0.66, 6.77 ± 0.72, and 2.78 ± 0.32 U/mg per protein, respectively. In winter, the lowest total protease, amylase, and lipase activity values were measured as 2.03 ± 0.16, 1.14 ± 0.14, and 0.12 ± 0.01 U/mg per protein, respectively. As a conclusion of the study, seasonal expression of the main digestive enzymes was strictly dependent on water temperatures and food abundance and also it was ideal to feed this species with food containing high protein and carbohydrate under appropriate temperatures for commercial culture.

The aortic root has a complex anatomy due to a combination of several anatomical structures based on simple and consistent work in it. It is a hollow cylinder with three bulges, which have the main functional effect on the aortic valve opening-closing cycle and coronary circulation. Aneurysm is defined as a dilation of a blood vessel segment having ≥50% increase in diameter, whereas annuloaortic ectasia represents a diffuse dilation <50% of the normal diameter of the related vessel segment. Aortic root aneurysms mostly occur by degenerative processes as compared with primarily atherosclerotic changes in the descending and abdominal aortas: medial fragmentation, smooth muscle cells necrosis, and elastic fiber fragmentations with cystic spaces in the media filled with mucoid material. Because of the elevated mortality risk associated with complications, an effective aortic root aneurysm management depends on reduction the risk of death, rupture, and dissection. Conventional open heart surgery is the essential procedure for isolated aortic root replacement and a type of procedure (valve replacement or sparing) could be selected due to the pathology. An extensive aortic root replacement technique is the only option to rebuild the left ventricular outflow tract due to the reconstruction of the neo aortoventricular continuity in the aortic root abscess.