It is known that the supporting capacity of asphalt concrete depends on the weakest component of the system. Currently, there are two main ways to increase strength and shear resistance of asphalt concrete: modification of bitumen binder or regulation of granulometric composition, in the trend of increasing the rock stone content. However, in the first case, the structure-forming effect of multi-crushed stone asphalt concrete is not fully used, in the second - due to the high bitumen consumption necessary to fill intergranular bugholes, the mixture segregates. The elimination of this disadvantage was provided by the introduction of fine-fibred filler into mixture. Stone mastic asphalt concrete (SMA) was created, which fundamentally combines the advantages of impacted low-crushed stone concrete and maximum structural asphalt-concrete, which are widespread in some countries for roads with high traffic stream.
In this paper, we studied the effect of various types of stabilizing additives on the performance of stone mastic asphalt concrete.
Cement-concrete pavements of roads and airfields are the most durable type of pavement. The design service life of cement-concrete pavements is 40-50 years, in Russia this period is 20-25 years, and for asphalt-concrete pavements is 10-15 years. The real, actual overhaul period of asphalt concrete pavements, is much lower than the design one (according to the Federal Road Agency of Russia «Rosavtodor», on average, 3-5 years or even less), therefore, work aimed at increasing the durability of cementconcrete pavements is of particular relevance. The main technical parameters of road concrete that characterize its durability are compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, water absorption and others. The most important parameter is the frost resistance of concrete, which is primarily influenced by the structure of the pore space. This paper shows the way of obtaining concretes based on aggregates, the frost resistance of which is lower than the frost resistance of the resulting concrete.
The relevance of the studied topic is due to the fact that, despite the longtime wood use as a building material, the issue of durability predicting keeps underexplored. Wood offers a wide range of positive properties, but still has a number of disadvantages, one of which is a tendency to biodeterioration. The main way to control wood biodeterioration is its antiseptic treatment. However, during the operation or storage of treated wooden structures, there is a process of washing out antiseptic agents from them (depreservation) and, as a result, a decrease of biostability. The paper proposes the methodology for accelerated prediction of the wood treated durability with an antiseptic, taking into account the real conditions of its operation. The optimal conditions and the temperature effect on the rate of diffusion antiseptic transfer to external environment are established, depending on the actual operating conditions of wooden structures.
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