Influence of the porosity structure of road concrete on its durability

Smirnov, Denis; Степанов, С. В.; Гарипов, Р. М.; Garayev, Timur; Sungatullin, Tagir

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202127404009

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…The macro-capillaries with a radius in the range of 0.1 ÷ 10 µm were filled with water only in direct contact with water but had the ability of capillary condensation of moisture, making the cementitious materials hygroscopic. The main pores that caused damage to the structure of the cement stone were capillary pores [21,90].…”

Section: Nmr Relaxometry Data At 28 Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More stringent requirements apply to pavement concretes used on roads, platforms, and/or airfields than those used in hydraulic or civil engineering [19][20][21]. Atmospheric factors caused by temperature fluctuations and the influence of traffic caused by dynamic loads, as well as the presence of chemical deicing agents, contribute to the demanding operating conditions of pavement concrete [21,22]. The pollutant transport processes through concrete are different and can occur through absorption, when the movement of liquids is due to the capillary forces generated in the capillary pores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

et al. 2023

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This work aims to show the advantages of using GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) and ACBFS aggregate (Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag) on the tensile strength and durability properties of infrastructure concrete at the reference age of 28 days. Three concrete mixes were prepared: the first one was a control sample; the second one had 15% GGBS (instead of Portland cement) and 25% ACBFS (instead of natural sand); and the third had 15% GGBS (instead of Portland cement) and 50% ACBFS (instead of natural sand). The studies on mortars focused on the ratio of compressive strength (CS) in correlation with the specific surface area (obtained by the Blain method). The microstructure of the prepared mortars was examined at the age of 28 days by X-ray diffraction, SEM electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive EDX spectrometer, and NMR nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry. The results of the tests carried out afterwards on the concretes containing slag (15% GGBS and 25% or 50% ACBFS) showed values that met high-quality criteria for exfoliation (S56 < 0.1 kg/m2), carbonation, and gelling G100 (with a loss of resistance to compression η < 25%). The slag concretes showed a degree of gelation of G100 (with a loss of compressive strength below 25%), low volume losses below 18,000 mm3/5000 mm2 (corresponding to wear class 4, grade I), and moderate penetration of chlorine ions (according to the RCPT test). All of these allow the concrete with slag (GGBS/ACBFS) to be recommended as an ecological road concrete. Our study proved that a high-class road concrete of BcR 5.0 can be obtained, with tensile strengths of a minimum 5 MPa at 28 days (the higher road concrete class in Romania, according to national standards).

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Section: Nmr Relaxometry Data At 28 Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

et al. 2023

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“…In the cyclohexane-saturated samples, in Figure 11b, in the MII/360 slag mortar, the area of Peak 1 is identified as having a higher intensity and translates to higher values than in the control sample, while in the MIII/330 sample, the area of Peak 1 is similar to the control sample. It is known that intra-C-S-H gel pores (Peak 1) with dimensions < 2 nm do not cause damage to the structure of the cement paste because they are characterized by a low permeability to liquids and gases [100,101]. The inter-C-S-H gel pores in Figure 11b, corresponding to Peak 2, have a smaller surface area for the samples with slag and a distribution with lower values of T 2 compared to the standard sample.…”

Section: Nmr Relaxometry Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Role of GGBS and ACBFS Blast Furnace Slag at 90 Days for Application in Rigid Concrete Pavements

Nicula,

Manea,

Simedru

et al. 2023

Materials

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Incorporating blast furnace slag into the composition of paving concrete can be one of the cost-effective ways to completely eliminate by-products from the pig iron production process (approximately 70% granulated slag and 30% air-cooled slag). The possibility to reintroduce blast furnace slag back into the life cycle will provide significant support to current environmental concerns and the clearance of tailings landfills. Especially in recent years, granulated and ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) as a substitute for cement and air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS) aggregates as a substitute for natural aggregates in the composition of concretes have been studied by many researchers. But concrete compositions with large amounts of incorporated blast furnace slag affect the mechanical and durability properties through the interaction between the slag, cement and water depending on the curing times. This study focuses on identifying the optimal proportions of GGBS as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) and ACBFS aggregates as a substitute to natural sand such that the performance at 90 days of curing the concrete is similar to that of the control concrete. In addition, to minimize the costs associated with grinding GGBS, the hydration activity index (HAI) of the GGBS, the surface morphology, and the mineral components were analyzed via X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX), and nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry (NMR). The flexural strength, the basic mechanical property of road concretes, increased from 28 to 90 days by 20.72% and 20.26% for the slag concrete but by 18.58% for the reference concrete. The composite with 15% GGBS and 25% ACBFS achieved results similar to the reference concrete at 90 days; therefore, they are considered optimal percentages to replace cement and natural sand in ecological pavement concretes. The HAI of the slag powder with a specific surface area equivalent to that of Portland cement fell into strength class 80 at the age of 28 days, but at the age of 90 days, the strength class was 100. The results of this research present three important benefits: the first is the protection of the environment through the recycling of two steel industry wastes that complies with European circular economy regulations, and the second is linked to the consequent savings in the disposal costs associated with wastefully occupied warehouses and the savings in slag grinding.

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Green development of fly ash geopolymer via casting and pressing Approaches: Strength, Morphology, efflorescence and Ecological Properties

Shee-Ween

Cheng-Yong

Yun-Ming

et al. 2023

Construction and Building Materials

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Influence of the porosity structure of road concrete on its durability

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

The Advantages on Using GGBS and ACBFS Aggregate to Obtain an Ecological Road Concrete

Potential Role of GGBS and ACBFS Blast Furnace Slag at 90 Days for Application in Rigid Concrete Pavements

Green development of fly ash geopolymer via casting and pressing Approaches: Strength, Morphology, efflorescence and Ecological Properties

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