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A survey was carried out to study and collect data about the agricultural farmer injuries of Odisha in India. Five villages with major population with farming as occupation were selected. A total of 145 farmers were selected for the study. It was found that, the number of accidents by hand tools such as spades, plain edge sickles, serrated sickles, and shovels were 13 (16.45%), 6 (7.59%), 11 (13.92%), and 7 (8.86%), respectively. Also, it was observed that maximum number of male and female farmers who were victims of agricultural injury were in the age group of 31 to 45. A smaller number of injured farmers were found in the age group of 18 to 30. Factor analysis followed by the SWARA method was used to rank the important variables which were found as the causes for agricultural accidents or injuries by the responses obtained through questionnaires. Finally, QFD & Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC analysis was performed, to frame design requirements in the form of safety requirements.

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Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) provides a suitable platform for groups as well as promotion of the participants' role in decision processes. This also enables the development of real participatory processes essential for the successful implementation and sustainable flood management programs. The present study contributes by applying two MCDM approaches for weighting the criteria related to the environmental impacts of flooding. Moreover, an attempt was made in this study by an extensive review of literature, and consultations with experts to identify the environmental impacts of flooding in Odisha State (India). Then, the Best Worst Method (BWM) followed by the Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method was used to rank the environmental impacts which were considered as the risk factors. The result of this study will be useful to the governance system for an effective and proper planning, and implementation of flood mitigation projects.

Abstract. In the present study 25 farmers of five villages of South Odisha in India were considered to assess their musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) during threshing of crops. A "Standardized Nordic Questionnaire" was prepared to collect MSD data considering harvesting characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, economical characteristics about the requirements, and work setting characteristics, by using a five point rating scale i.e. (1 = Very less, 2 =Less, 3 = Nil, 4 = Strong, 5 = Very Strong) for a period of 2 years i.e. from 2015 to 2017. Socio-demographic characteristics and Work setting characteristics of farmers were illustrated to depict the MSD level in different body parts like neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back, elbow, wrist/hand, thigh, knees and ankles, respectively. Factor analysis was performed for threshing characteristics, and economical characteristics, and different parameters under different dominant factors were grouped accordingly. To illustrate the linkage and linear relationship between important parameters, Pearson correlation coefficient matrix was generated for the threshing characteristics of farmers. Also the regression analysis was done to obtain the best-fit linear regression equations for the economic characteristics of farmers. Finally posture analysis was performed for different postures in threshing activities by using the Ovako Working-Posture Analysis System (OWAS) & Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) technique.

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