: Construction of the first stage of the Pierre Auger Observatory has begun. The aim of the Observatory is to collect unprecedented information about cosmic rays above 10(18) eV. The first phase of the project, the construction and operation of a prototype system, known as the engineering array, has now been completed. It has allowed all of the sub-systems that will be used in the full instrument to be tested under field conditions. In this paper, the properties and performance of these sub-systems are described and their success illustrated with descriptions of some of the events recorded thus far. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V

Infrared gas sensors have been proven promising for broad applications in Internet of Things and Industrial Internet of Things. However, the lack of miniaturized light sources with good compatibility and tunable spectral features hinders their widespread utilization. Herein, a strategy is proposed to increase the radiated power from microelectromechanical-based thermal emitters by coating with graphene oxide (GO). The radiation can be substantially enhanced, which partially stems from the high emissivity of GO coating demonstrated by spectroscopic methods. Moreover, the sp 2 structure within GO may induce plasmons and thus couple with photons to produce blackbody radiation and/or new thermal emission sources. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the GO-coated emitter is integrated into a multifunctional monitoring platform and evaluated for gas detection. The platform exhibits sensitive and highly selective detection toward CO 2 at room temperature with a detection limit of 50 ppm and short response/recovery time, outperforming the state-of-the-art gas sensors. This study demonstrates the emission tailorability of thermal emitters and the feasibility of improving the associated gas sensing property, offering perspectives for designing and fabricating high-end optical sensors with cost-effectiveness and superior performance.

The authors report on a real-time control method for assembly of a single or small number of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) onto microelectrodes by dielectrophoresis (DEP). On the basis of an impedance model and a real-time gap impedance monitoring method to evaluate and identify the number of MWNTs spanning an electrode gap, it has been demonstrated that a real-time gap impedance signal can be used to control the DEP process of MWNTs. The goal is controlled assembly with a connecting resistance of less than a defined limit or with a defined number of MWNT connections. With a control strategy designed for the DEP assembly of a small number of MWNTs, predefined numbers of connections from 1−3 have been achieved across an electrode gap.

No abstract

No abstract

A monolithic 9 degree of freedom capacitive inertial MEMS platform is presented in this paper. This platform for the first time integrates 3 axis gyroscopes, accelerometers, and Lorentz Force magnetometers together on the same chip without using any magnetic materials. This reduces the assembly cost, and fully eliminates the need of magnetic material processing and axis misalignment calibration. The fabricated sensors, vacuum packaged (vacuum ~100mTorr) at wafer level with epi-polysilicon through silicon interposer (TSI) wafer using eutectic bonding, performed within 10% of the simulation results.

No abstract

No abstract