Diagnosis of caries lesions consists of visual/tactile methods following the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and radiographic methods (BW), however these methods have limitations for detecting caries at different depths and locations and is usually influenced by the examiner’s experience. New technologies have emerged to improve caries diagnosis methods, among these are methods that use optical principles to quantify differences between healthy and demineralized tissues, for example: quantitative light- -induced fluorescence (QLF), the “DIAGNOdent” caries detection pen, and VistaProof (fluorescence camera). This literature review aims to provide up-to-date information on the applicability of fluorescence-based methods in the diagnosis of caries. The results show that DIAGNOdent pen was the most effective method for diagnosing caries, wherein some authors indicate that it can be used as the only diagnostic method, but most recommend using it as a complementary method to ICDAS and BW. LFpen must be used in association with ICDAS and 2 articles indicate near-infrared light transillumination (NILT) as a substitute for BW, however there is still a need for further studies to reach a concrete decision. In conclusion, digital methods for the diagnosis of caries are efficient, but they do not replace visual/tactile methods and bitewing radiographs. Therefore, they should be used as a complementary diagnostic method to those already known and widely used and studied.
This case report describes a digital workflow used for three main purposes: to predict the volume of particulate grafting material required to perform alveolar ridge preservation; to conduct subsequent virtual implant planning; and to digitally design the respective implant-supported crown. The volume of equine-derived bone grafting material required for filling the alveolar socket is digitally estimated in cubic millimeters from cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) data using a specific software tool for volume measurements. Digital crown design from an intraoral scan allows for milling the definitive implant-supported crown. For this purpose, a scan body can be used and even slightly trimmed externally to avoid excessive proximity with an adjacent rotated tooth.
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