Equine dentistry has been increasingly valued as an essential health care for horses and therefore receiving high level of economic investment. Digital technology advances in all fields of health science and the 3D intraoral scanning (IOS) procedure enhances modern precision dentistry. Despite advances in digital technology in the health sciences, the use of digitalization in veterinary medicine is still scarce and there is no scientific publication of 3D digital intraoral scanning in equine dentistry so far. The dental anatomophysiological characteristics and masticatory dynamics provide a series of identifiable changes in the oral cavity and dental crowns of the equine, enhancing their precise study. The aim of this pioneering study is to employ 3D IOS in horses, evaluating its safety and dimensional compatibility, its efficiency in digital model formation, scanning patterns and operating patterns in the species. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional observational study was carried out in two stages, with the initial study carried out on skulls and later on live animals. In the initial stage, two digital intraoral scanning equipment, 3Shape's Trios3 wireless and CareStream CS3500, were used to scan the arches of two adult equine skulls, positioned with an oral speculum, and handled by 4 different operators. There was no difficulty in performing the technique, even for inexperienced operators, and the dimensions of the skulls were compatible with the access to the equipment. It was possible to produce partial digital molds of the arches, a mold of the incisors, another mold of the premolars and molars on one side and a third mold of the premolars and molars on the other side The 3Shape equipment proved to be faster and more efficient. The programs used are open and allowed the application of its resources and the export in stl format for more complete programs. It was not possible to build a digital mold of the complete arch, nor to prepare an occlusal colormap and simulation of masticatory dynamics. From the conclusion of the first stage, it was possible to safely conduct the second stage, with the application of the technique in live animals. CareStream CS3500 equipment was used in 10 crossbred horses, aged 2 to 20 years, sedated with detomidine or detomidine plus diazepam, and restrained with an autostatic oral speculum. The molds obtained were exported to the ExocadDental BD 3D program. The sedation protocols were sufficient to carry out the 3D IOS technique safely in horses, without damage to the equipment. Depending on the time, there was a need for reapplication of sedatives.Compatibility between the dimensions of the equipment and the space of the oral cavity of the animals tested was confirmed. In an unprecedented way, it was possible to precisely analyze the dimensions through cutting planes in all directions and perform the occlusal colormap to determine the contact areas. The scanning speed and failures in obtaining images for the construction of the digital model consumed a lot of time and it was ...