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The area described in this article was 'detected' by the Laboratory for Landscape Archeology and Remote Sensing,Universityof Siena research team during aerial prospectionin spring 2005. Analysis of the aerial photographs allowed interpretation of the site as a triple-ditched enclosure. During subsequent field-walking surveyanumberofarchaeologicalartefactswere collectedandmapped.Differential global positioning system (DGPS) survey confirmed the morphological pattern of the site, which seemsto represent a survivalofthe Early Medieval Age settlement pattern on the coastalplain. The field-walking and DGPS surveys were followed by a programme of geophysical survey combining three different methods: differential magnetics (Overhauser probe), ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and Automatic Resistivity Profiler (ARP#,Geocarta).Finally, three sample areaswere excavated, mainly to test the evidence collected previously. The excavation data^ditches, post-holes, domestic pottery, animalbones, andwallremains^support theinterpretation ofthe site asthe first earth-and-timbercastle mound, or motte, to be identified inTuscany.
To better understand the location and help in the conservation of buried structures at the ancient site of Aquinum in central Italy, integrated archaeological and geophysical data were acquired. These datasets included historical and oblique aerial photographs, which were combined with topographical and archaeological field-walking survey. These data showed the general location of the Roman town Aquinum. To verify preliminary interpretations groundpenetrating radar (GPR) data were collected in an open area of the town centre. The results show very good correspondence between the buried architecture and the aerial photograph and field walking data. A number of unexpected buried buildings were also discovered, which were excavated in 2009 and 2010 and showed remains of a public thermal bath.
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