Carprofen induced the lowest frequency of gastrointestinal adverse effects, followed by meloxicam. Monitoring for adverse effects should be considered when nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat dogs with chronic pain.

Human red blood cells are emerging as a cell type capable to regulate biological processes of neighboring cells. Hereby, we show that human red blood cell conditioned media contains bioactive factors that favor proliferation of normal activated T cells and leukemic Jurkat T cells, and therefore called erythrocyte-derived growth and survival factors. Flow cytometry and electron microscopy in parallel with bioactivity assays revealed that the erythrocyte factors are present in the vesicle-free supernatant, which contains up to 20 different proteins. The erythrocyte factors are thermosensitive and do not contain lipids. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by passive elution and mass spectrometry identification reduced the potential erythrocyte factors to hemoglobin and peroxiredoxin II. Two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis of the erythrocyte factors revealed the presence of multiple hemoglobin oxy-deoxy states and peroxiredoxin II isoforms differing in their isoelectric point akin to the presence of b-globin chains. Our results show that red blood cells release protein factors with the capacity to sustain T-cell growth and survival. These factors may have an unforeseen role in sustaining malignant cell growth and survival in vivo.

BackgroundDue to numerous complications associated to gastrointestinal augmented cystoplasty, this study aimed to analyze the anatomic repair of the bladder of 10 female dogs using grafts of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) seeded with cultured homologous smooth muscle cells, and compare them with the acellular SIS grafts.ResultsWe assessed the possible side effects and complications of each type of graft by clinical examination, abdominal ultrasound and laboratory findings. Anatomic repair of neoformed bladder was assessed by histological staining for H/E and Masson's Trichrome, analyzed with a Nikon Photomicroscope connected to the system of image analysis Image J.ConclusionsWe propose that SIS associated to homologous smooth cells can improve the quality of tissue repair, and consequently decrease the potential complications inherent to acellular SIS.

A citologia conjuntival é um importante método diagnóstico, podendo ser facilmente realizada pelo clínico veterinário. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da viabilidade do exame citológico da mucosa conjuntival pelo método de impressão em papel-filtro, assim como estabelecer o padrão normal nos felinos domésticos. Realizou-se o exame citológico da mucosa conjuntival pelo método de impressão em papel-filtro de 30animais da espécie felina, sem utilização da anestesia tópica. As técnicas de colorações utilizadas foram o Giemsa e o Shorr. O padrão normal foi caracterizado por predominância da disposição em agrupamentos celulares e células das camadas intermediárias e superficiais. A técnica de colheita de material mostrou-se prática, rápida e proporcionou a obtenção de um material de boa qualidade. O método de impressão utilizado não se mostrou traumático à conjuntiva, amenizando a dificuldade encontrada na manipulação dos animais da espécie felina, caracterizando-se como um importante exame complementar no diagnóstico e direcionamento terapêutico de afecções oculares externas.

Red blood cells (RBC) have emerged as a novel regulatory cell type endowed with bioactivities toward activated human T cells. Herein we show that the RBC bioactivities act on intracellular pathways initiated by T cell receptor (TCR)-dependent and -independent stimuli,including IL-2, IL-15, and the mixture of phorbol dibutyrate and ionomycin. The RBC bioactivities preserve the antioxidant status and are capable of rescuing activated T cells from cell death induced by serum deprivation. They are not mediated by glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked receptors or sialic acids, and kinetic studies revealed that they hasten the entrance into the cell cycle. By using cyclosporine A (CsA) and rapamycin (Rapa) we show that the RBC bioactivities are calcineurin-dependent. Thus, treatment of T cells with CsA, but not Rapa, impaired RBC bioactivities, and preincubation of RBC with CsA completely abolished their bioactivities. We have demonstrated that RBC carry out bioactivities that are sensitive to CsA.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma análise retrospectiva de 127 casos de ocorrência natural de TVT, observando-se raça, idade, sexo, local de maior incidência, metástases, resposta à terapia instituída e recidivas. Os cães mais acometidos foram os SRDs, Pastores Alemães e Boxeres, envolvendo, principalmente os adultos e sexualmente ativos. A genitália externa foi o local de maior prevalência, seguido pela apresentação cutânea e nasal. Dos 127 casos, 70 foram tratados com o quimioterápico sulfato de vincristina, 14 com quimioterapia associada à cauterização, dois com quimioterapia e excisão cirúrgica e três por meio de excisão cirúrgica. A vincristina mostrou-se efetiva para o tratamento do TVT na maioria dos animais, com baixa taxa de recidiva.

The objective of this study was to describe the reference values of cranial measurements of capybaras, correlating the ocular orbit with the nasolacrimal duct. The documentation of its results can contribute to standardizing characteristics of anatomical normality and favouring the correct diagnosis and treatment of changes. The capybara carcasses, maintained by freezing, were distributed in two groups (G) designated GA (n = 12) adult animals (A) and GY (n = 13) for young animals (Y). All subjects underwent dacryocystography examination by computed tomography (CT) and cranial measurements. Descriptive analyses of cranial and nasolacrimal duct measurements and statistical analysis of the Pearson correlation with the variable weight were performed. In GA, there was no correlation between the nasolacrimal and cranial duct measurements. However, in the GY, a correlation was verified with facial length (r = .6233), facial width (r = .5771), cranial height (r = .6981), cranial length (r = .7116), total right length (r = .7517) and left length (r = .7999). Thus, in the young animals, cranial length measurements were strongly correlated with nasolacrimal duct lengths. However, this biological behaviour was not observed in adults, demonstrating stability in development. The capybara's ocular orbit was found to be circular and incomplete, with developed zygomatic process of the maxilla. CT dacryocystography is indicated to evaluate the nasolacrimal canal pathway in capybaras, emphasizing the importance of normal anatomical study to aid in treating animals affected by diseases.

Relatou-se o efeito do transplante de glândulas salivares menores (TGSM) em cães portadores de ceratoconjuntivite seca (CCS) e estudaram-se os efeitos da secreção dessas glândulas usadas como alternativa de lubrificação ocular. A aplicação da técnica foi satisfatória, uma vez que resultou em melhora no quadro clínico oftalmológico sem que houvesse mínimas intercorrências pós-operatórias.