Evaluation of adverse effects of long-term oral administration of carprofen, etodolac, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in dogs

Luna, Stélio Pacca Loureiro; Basílio, Ana C.; Steagall, Paulo V.; Machado, Luciana Pereira; Moutinho, Flávio Quaresma; Takahira, Regina Kiomi; Brandão, Cláudia Valéria Seullner

doi:10.2460/ajvr.68.3.258

Cited by 150 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Superior efficacy of carprofen compared to a placebo has been demonstrated in dogs with the urate synovitis model of arthritis [1] and in dogs with spontaneous osteoarthritis [6,15,22]. Thirdly, carprofen had the best gastrointestinal tolerability of 5 NSAIDs (carprofen, etodolac, flunixin, ketoprofen and meloxicam) in a comparative study when administered daily for 6 weeks [12]. Previously, Forsyth et al concluded that carprofen produced less gastroduodenal lesions than ketoprofen or meloxicam [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Japan, several NSAIDs are registered for use in canine osteoarthritis (carprofen, firocoxib, ketoprofen, meloxicam and tepoxalin), but older NSAIDs are associated with gastrointestinal side-effects. Recently, experimental investigations in healthy Beagle and mixed breed dogs have confirmed the propensity of carprofen, etodolac, flunixin, ketoprofen and meloxicam to cause lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract, when administered at recommended dosages [3,12].…”

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confidence: 98%

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Comparison of Oral Robenacoxib and Carprofen for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Edamura

King

Seewald

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The efficacy and tolerability of robenacoxib for the treatment of osteoarthritis in dogs were evaluated in a prospective, multicenter, randomized, noninferiority design clinical trial. A total of 32 dogs presenting with osteoarthritis were allocated randomly to receive, orally once daily for 28 days, either 1-2 mg/kg robenacoxib (n=21) or 3.5-5 mg/kg carprofen (n=11). Dogs were assessed by clinicians and owners using numerical rating scale scores at baseline and days 14 and 28. The primary efficacy endpoint was the global functional disability score, which was the sum of clinician scores for standing posture, lameness at walk, lameness at trot, willingness to raise the contralateral limb and pain at palpation. There was a good to excellent level of efficacy in both treatment groups. Differences between days 14 and 28 compared to day 0 were significant for all 11 clinician and owner scores for robenacoxib, and for 6 of 11 scores for carprofen. The efficacy of robenacoxib was numerically superior to carprofen for all 13 endpoints, but differences were not statistically significant. For the global functional disability score, the estimated efficacy of robenacoxib was 1.244 (95% confidence interval 0.555-2.493) relative to carprofen. The tolerability of both treatments was good as assessed from adverse events, clinical signs, and hematology and serum biochemistry variables. In conclusion, once daily administration of robenacoxib tablets had noninferior efficacy and tolerability compared to carprofen for the treatment of the clinical signs of osteoarthritis in dogs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of Oral Robenacoxib and Carprofen for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Edamura

King

Seewald

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Adverse effects of opioids may include vomiting, dosedependent respiratory depression, urinary retention, excitement/ dysphoria and histamine release 3 . NSAIDs should not be used in patients suffering hepatic, renal, gastrointestinal and coagulation dysfunctions 4 . AP may be an alternative to avoid the adverse effects of opioids and NSAIDs in acute and chronic pain management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A strong motivation for withholding systemic analgesics in animals is the concern for their potential toxicity or adverse reactions 3,4 . Pharmacopunture might avoid the well-known adverse effects of standard systemic doses of opioids and NSAIDs 3,4 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Acupuncture and pharmacopuncture are as effective as morphine or carprofen for postoperative analgesia in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy

et al. 2015

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PURPOSE:To investigate the analgesic effect of acupuncture (AP) or micro-dose pharmacopuncture (PA), using carprofen or morphine, in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy (OHE). METHODS:Thirty five dogs were randomly assigned to five groups after sedation with acepromazine IM: AP, 0.5 mg.kg -1 of morphine subcutaneously (SC), 4 mg.kg -1 of carprofen SC, and PA with 0.05 mg.kg -1 of morphine or 0.4 mg.kg -1 of carprofen. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane. Pain was assessed after OHE by a blind observer for 24h, by dynamic visual analogue scale (DIVAS), Glasgow (CMPS-SF), Melbourne (UMPS) and Colorado University pain scale (CSU). Animals reaching 33% of the UMPS score received rescue analgesia with morphine IM. Non parametric data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis or Friedman tests where applicable, followed by Dunn´s test. Parametric data were analysed by two way ANOVA, followed by Tukey test. RESULTS:There were no differences among groups in number of rescue analgesia. Except for the DIVAS score where animals treated with morphine had the lowest score compared with AP and carprofen, at 1h after surgery, there were no other differences among groups.CONCLUSION: Acupuncture or pharmacopuncture were equally effective as morphine or carprofen to control postoperative pain in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

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“…It has a high intrinsic activity combined with a low ulcerogenic potential (LUNA et al, 2007) and minimally affects platelet function in dogs (BENJAMIN et al, 2007). Meloxicam is 12 times more effectively in inhibiting COX-2 activity than COX-1 (KAY- MUGFORD et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of meloxicam administered by different routes to control experimental uveitis in dogs

et al. 2009

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Evaluation of adverse effects of long-term oral administration of carprofen, etodolac, flunixin meglumine, ketoprofen, and meloxicam in dogs

Abstract: Carprofen induced the lowest frequency of gastrointestinal adverse effects, followed by meloxicam. Monitoring for adverse effects should be considered when nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat dogs with chronic pain.

Cited by 150 publications

References 37 publications

Comparison of Oral Robenacoxib and Carprofen for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Comparison of Oral Robenacoxib and Carprofen for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Acupuncture and pharmacopuncture are as effective as morphine or carprofen for postoperative analgesia in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Effects of meloxicam administered by different routes to control experimental uveitis in dogs

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