A survey on chromosome counts of different sections belonging to the genus Scutellaria L. (Lamiaceae) throughout the world is presented and the relationships between chromosome data of its sections and their biogeography are also discussed here. In addition, meiotic chromosome numbers of 20 populations belonging to eight species growing in Iran, namely S. tomentosa (2n = 2x = 22), S. theobromina (2n = 2x = 22), S. araxensis (2n = 2x = 22), S. platystegia (2n = 2x = 22), S. nepetifolia (2n = 2x = 22), S. farsistanica (2n = 2x = 22), S. persica (2n = 2x = 22) and S. pinnatifida (2n = 2x = 22) were determined. With exception of S. pinatifida, all chromosome counts are reported for the first time, and are consistent with proposed base number of x = 11.
A taxonomic revision of Scutellaria L. sect. Lupulinaria subsect. Lupulinaria (Lamiaceae) for Iran is presented. The present study is based on morphological characters of the specimens from the authors’ expeditions and other herbarium collections. A new species is described and one subspecies is elevated to the species rank. In addition, Scutellaria chorassanica Bunge is treated as a distinct species. With this treatment the number of species in subsect. Lupulinaria in the country is increased to 25 taxa (21 species and 4 subspecies) enumerated here. Lectotypes are also designated for S. araxensis, S. litwinowii, S. luteocaerulea, S. mianensis, S. persica, S. theobromina and S. tomentosa. Finally, a key to all species of the section is provided.
The present study reports the chromosome number and meiotic behavior of 11 populations belonging to four species of Phlomoides (L.) Moench. All populations showed the diploid chromosome number 2n = 2x = 22; consistent with the proposed base number of x = 11. Almost all taxa studied here displayed regular bivalent pairing and chromosome segregation at meiosis. However, meiotic abnormalities observed included varied degree of fragmented chromosomes, laggards and bridge in anaphase I to telophase II, precocious division of centromeres, asynchronous nucleus and cytomixis. In addition, a survey on chromosome counts of different species belonging to the genus Phlomoides throughout the world is presented and the base chromosome numbers and polyploidy levels discussed here.
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