A taxonomic revision of Scutellaria sect. Lupulinaria subsect. Lupulinaria (Lamiaceae) in Iran

Abstract

A taxonomic revision of Scutellaria L. sect. Lupulinaria subsect. Lupulinaria (Lamiaceae) for Iran is presented. The present study is based on morphological characters of the specimens from the authors’ expeditions and other herbarium collections. A new species is described and one subspecies is elevated to the species rank. In addition, Scutellaria chorassanica Bunge is treated as a distinct species. With this treatment the number of species in subsect. Lupulinaria in the country is increased to 25 taxa (21 species and 4 subspecies) enumerated here. Lectotypes are also designated for S. araxensis, S. litwinowii, S. luteocaerulea, S. mianensis, S. persica, S. theobromina and S. tomentosa. Finally, a key to all species of the section is provided.

Overall phylogenetic relationships of Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) shed light on the origin of the predominantly Caucasian and Irano-Turanian S. orientalis group

“…S. farsistanica Rech. f. and S. nepetifolia as sisters; see also Rechinger (1982), Ranjbar & Mahmoudi (2018), albeit the trnLF topology presented by Safikhani & al. (2018: fig. 2) differs significantly.…”

“…15 species reported from Peru; Zarucchi & Harley 1993), whereas tropical Africa has just two or three species (African Plant Database 2020-2021). Many species are highly variable morphologically, which has led to significantly (2013)] and Iran [S. bakhtiarica Ranjbar & C. Mahmoudi (2018)], but also in other sections, e.g. from Mexico (González-Gallegos & Vázquez-García 2013).…”

Chemical Characterization and Determination of the Antioxidant Properties of Phenolic Compounds in Three Scutellaria sp. Plants Grown in Colombia

“…The search for antioxidant compounds (or their mixtures), preferably of natural origin, can be one of the alternatives to alleviate not just the course of infectious diseases, e.g., dengue or coronavirus [5], but also diseases like hyperuricemia [6] and diabetes [7]. The genus Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) includes approximately 460 species distributed worldwide, mainly in temperate regions of Europe, North America, and East Asia [8]. Scutellaria plants have long been employed in Asian and European regions [9]; their leaves, stems, and roots have been used to make infusions and ointments to control the symptoms of respiratory diseases such as the flu, asthma, and pneumonia, among others.…”

Pharmacophylogenetic study of Scutellaria baicalensis and its substitute medicinal species based on the chloroplast genomics, metabolomics, and active ingredient

“…Scutellaria is a significant genus in the family Lamiaceae, which includes approximately 360–469 accepted species worldwide ( Ranjbar and Mahmoudi, 2017 ; Safikhani et al, 2018 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ; Shen et al, 2021 ). According to records, 72 species in this genus have been used with a long history as traditional herbal medicines to treat various diseases, such as cancer and inflammatory, hepatic, gastric, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases ( Marsh et al, 2014 ; Grzegorczyk-Karolak et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2018 , 2020 ).…”