Pancasila is an Indonesian ideology and becomes the basis, outlook on life and philosophy in social life. However, understanding and appreciation of Pancasila is considered to have begun to decline in various lives. Based on that reality, this study examines the recent Pancasila conceptualization mapping in print mass media with a conceptual metaphor perspective. This research is a qualitative descriptive type in linguistics that seeks to see people use real language in a discourse to find out the conceptualization of abstract ideas and emotions. From articles on Pancasila in the printed mass media that were collected by listening methods and note techniques, metaphors about Pancasila were identified and analyzed with conceptual metaphor theory through the referential equivalent method. The results of the analysis showed a correspondence between the source and target domains. Pancasila is conceptualized with something else based on the functions, strengths, characteristics, traits, and human experience. Based on the conceptual metaphorical perspective, Pancasila is mapped on "Pancasila Abstrak Pancasila merupakan ideologi Indonesia dan menjadi dasar, pandangan hidup, dan falsafah dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Namun, pemahaman dan penghayatan pada Pancasila dinilai sudah mulai menurun dalam berbagai kehidupan.Berdasarkan realita itu, penelitian ini mengkaji pemetaan konseptualisasi Pancasila akhir-akhir ini dalam media massa cetak dengan perspektif metafora konseptual. Penelitian ini berjenis deskriptif kualitatif dalam linguistik yang berusaha melihat masyarakat menggunakan bahasa secara nyata dalam sebuah wacana untuk mengetahui konseptualisasi dari ide dan emosi yang abstrak. Dari artikel tentang Pancasila dalam media massa cetak yang dikumpulkan dengan metode simak dan teknik catat, metafora tentang Pancasila diidentifikasi dan dianalisis dengan teori metafora konseptual melalui metode padan referensial .Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya korespondensi antara ranah sumber dengan ranah target. Pancasila dikonseptualkan dengan sesuatu yang lain berdasarkan fungsi, kekuatan, ciri, sifat, dan pengalaman manusia. Berdasarkan perspektif metafora konseptual, Pancasila dipetakan atas "Pancasila Adalah Rumah", "Pancasila Adalah Wadah Kosong", "Pancasila Adalah Benteng", "Pancasila Adalah Pakaian", dan "Pancasila Adalah Keabadian". Kata-kata kunci: metafora konseptual, Pancasila, sumber, target
Ideology representation in the editorial of Koran Tempo and Kompas on COVID-19 handling in IndonesiaThis article examines the editorials in Koran Tempo and Kompas in representing their ideology of COVID-19 handling in Indonesia. This linguistic research is conducted qualitatively. The data were in the form of Indonesian-language editorial discourse, which discussed the COVID-19 handling in Indonesia. The written research data were taken from national newspapers, namely Koran Tempo and Kompas, and were obtained through the use of listening and note-taking techniques. They were then analyzed using Van Dijk’s critical discourse analysis model. The results of the analysis show that there are differences in the representation of ideology in Koran Tempo and Kompas on COVID-19 handling in Indonesia through their editorials that are systematically constructed in microstructure, superstructure, and macrostructure. In the microstructure, ideology is realized through the lexicon, specifically the use of the dominant persona, use of syntactic structures in the form of active-passive sentences, affirmative sentences, and imperative sentences, as well as the use of repetition styles and metaphors. Koran Tempo uses ideological patterns as actions and ideology beliefs in its superstructure. Meanwhile, Kompas uses ideological patterns as systems of thought and systems of action. The difference between the microstructure and the superstructure results in a different macrostructure. Koran Tempo portrays government as the key stakeholder in handling COVID-19 in Indonesia. Meanwhile, Kompas’ editorial was directed at how the handling of COVID-19 was done through communal actions. The Koran Tempo ideology underlines who has a role in handling COVID-19, while the Kompas ideology focuses at what needs to be done in handling COVID-19.Keywords: critical discourse analysis, editorial discourse, ideology, COVID-19Representasi ideologi dalam tajuk Koran Tempo dan Kompas tentang penanganan COVID-19 di IndonesiaArtikel ini mengkaji perihal bagaimana tajuk pada Koran Tempo dan Kompas merepresentasikan ideologinya tentang penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dalam bidang linguistik. Data yang dianalisis berbentuk wacana tajuk berbahasa Indonesia yang berisi tentang penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia. Sumber data penelitian berwujud tertulis yang diambil dari surat kabar nasional: Koran Tempo dan Kompas. Metode simak dan teknik catat dilakukan untuk mengumpulkan data. Model analisis wacana kritis dari Van Dijk diterapkan untuk menganalisis data. Hasil analisis menggambarkan adanya perbedaan representasi ideologi Koran Tempo dan Kompas tentang penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia melalui tajuk yang dikonstruksi secara sistematis dalam struktur mikro, super struktur, dan struktur makro. Dalam struktur mikro, ideologi direalisasikan melalui leksikon, khususnya penggunaan kata persona yang dominan, penggunaan struktur sintaksis berupa kalimat aktif-pasif, kalimat berita, dan kalimat perintah, serta penggunaan gaya repetisi dan metafora. Koran Tempo menggunakan pola ideologi sebagai tindakan dan ideologi sebagai keyakinan dalam super strukturnya. Sebaliknya, Kompas menggunakan pola ideologi sebagai sistem pemikiran dan sistem tindakan. Perbedaan struktur mikro dan super struktur tersebut menghasilkan struktur makro yang berbeda pula. Koran Tempo mengangkat tema tentang pemerintah sebagai aktor kunci dalam penanganan COVID-19 di Indonesia. Sementara itu, tema tajuk Kompas diarahkan pada penanganan COVID-19 yang dilakukan dengan berbagai tindakan secara bersama-sama. Ideologi Koran Tempo mengarah pada siapa yang berperan dalam penanganan COVID-19, sedangkan ideologi Kompas mengarah pada apa yang perlu dilakukan dalam penanganan COVID-19. Kata kunci: analisis wacana kritis, wacana tajuk, ideologi, COVID-19
This study aims to describe the types of language impoliteness strategies in the discourse of religious texts, especially Islam. A pragmatic approach is used in this study. The data of this research are in the form of words, phrases, clauses, or sentences that contain impoliteness. The research data sources come from three discourses of Islamic religious texts taken from Youtube in 2020. The data collection method used is the download method. The research data were analyzed using contextual analysis methods. The results showed that there were four types of language impoliteness strategies found in three religious text discourses, namely (i) direct impoliteness strategies, (ii) positive impoliteness strategies, (iii) negative impoliteness strategies, and (iv) pseudo politeness strategies or sarcasm. The type of impoliteness strategy that is most commonly found in the discourse of religious speech texts is a negative impoliteness strategy with the most widely applied sub strategi is degrading sub strategi. The pseudo-politeness strategy or sarcasm is the least used strategy. The imbalance of power or social power between speech participants is the dominant factor in influencing the emergence of language impoliteness in the discourse of religious texts.
Intonation, the accurate high-low tonal speech of presentation, serves a very fundamental role in a language speech community. This intonation shows pitch movement as well as intonation contour of a speech. Speech intonation within a language society is varied from one generation to the next. Such differences possibly intervened by a number of affecting factors including age, the influence of foreign languages, in addition to the environmental influence. For that reason, personal intonation may change. The changes and differences on intonation is also seen in the language expression by Javanese language community in Yogyakarta. The speeches intonations expressed by the first, second, and third groups of generation reflect different use of pitch movement. This article aims to determine whether speech intonations distinguish pitch movement in the Javanese speaking groups accross generations in Yogyakarta. To provide sufficient explanation and answers regarding the purposed problems, several steps or approach are applied. The instrumental phonetic approach, a way of examining speech (especially in declarative, interrogative, and imperative type of sentences) is used in this study. Furthermore, to calculate and realize the analysis, the accurate measuring instrument of computer and Praat's software assistants were used. The measurement and descriptions of pitch movement were conducted by adopting the IPO strategic phases (Instituut voor Perceptie Onderzoek). The main activities undertaken in acoustic research using this approach include: 1) speech production experiments, 2) speech acoustic analysis, and 3) speech perception experiments.
In Indonesian grammar, yang used only with question words siapa 'who' and apa 'what', in specific position, like in Siapa yang menulis surat? 'Who wrote the letter?', and Surat apa yang ditulis oleh Ali? 'What kinds of letter did Ali wrote?'. Yang did not used in the sentences Kamu mencari siapa (*yang)? 'You look for whom?/ Whom did you look for?', Ali menulis apa (*yang)? 'Ali write what? / what did Ali write?' From the contrast of two kinds of sentences, we ruled out that yang used only with apa and siapa which asked grammatical subject. In the sentences such as Siapa yang bajunya sobek? 'Whose shirt is torn?' and Ali apanya yang sobek? 'What Ali's thing is torn?'. Do the two last sentences ask the grammatical subject? The answer of Siapa yang menulis surat? is Ali yang menulis surat 'Ali wrote the letter'. The answer of Siapa yang bajunya sobek? is Ali yang bajunya sobek. The answer sentences used yang. This article will rule out the usage of yang in question and answer sentences.
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