In this laboratory study, Fill Canal, Sealapex, MTA and Portland cement presented antimicrobial activity whilst EndoRez did not.

The aim of this study was to compare the in vitro cytotoxicity of white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), MTA Fillapex ® and Portland cement (PC) on human cultured periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Periodontal ligament fibroblast culture was established and the cells were used for cytotoxic tests after the fourth passage. Cell density was set at 1.25 x10 4 cells/well in 96-well plates. Endodontic material extracts were prepared by placing sealer/ cement specimens (5x3mm) in 1mL of culture medium for 72 h. The extracts were then serially two-fold diluted and inserted into the cell-seeded wells for 24, 48 and 72 h. MTT assay was employed for analysis of cell viability. Cell supernatants were tested for nitric oxide using the Griess reagent system. MTA presented cytotoxic effect in undiluted extracts at 24 and 72 h. MTA Fillapex ® presented the highest cytotoxic levels with important cell viability reduction for pure extracts and at ½ and ¼ dilutions. In this study, PC did not induce alterations in fibroblast viability. Nitric oxide was detected in extract-treated cell supernatants and also in the extracts only, suggesting presence of nitrite in the soluble content of the tested materials. In the present study, MTA Fillapex displayed the highest cytotoxic effect on periodontal ligament fibroblasts followed by white MTA and PC.

Introduction and objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of root canal cleaning of the RaCe rotary instrumentation system (FKG Dentaire – La-Cheaux-de Fonds – Switzerland), compared to manual filing with Stainless Steel K-files (Maillefer Instruments – Ballaigues – Switzerland).Material and Method:Twenty extracted human teeth (maxillary molars) were selected and their pulp tissue was removed after coronal access. The root canals were filled with a dye (India ink) and allowed to dry for 48 hours, followed by establishment of the working length of the mesiobuccal root; then, half of the specimens were instrumented by the modified Oregon technique and the other half were instrumented by crown-down sequence of the RaCe system. After preparation, the teeth were longitudinally sectioned and evaluated according to the amount of remaining dye.Results:Data obtained were registered as numerical scores, and the arithmetic means were compared between groups using the Mann Whitney test. Both techniques were unable to completely clean the interior of the root canals, with a better performance of the manual technique only at the middle third.Conclusion:It could be concluded that the RaCe system was able to provide satisfactory cleaning, similar to that obtained by the manual instrumentation technique.

Root resorptions are pathologies usually diagnosed by X-Ray rotine evaluation. They can be classified as internal, when root canal is involved and external, when periodontal ligament is involved. External root resorptions are processes in which the loss of cementoblasts occurs causing the mineralized surfaces to be susceptible to the action of clastic cells. The treatment of root resorption is basically root and / or periodontal endodontic treatment, depending on the location and extent of the reabsorption. When it attacks the cervical region, radical endodontic treatment can usually be associated with surgical complementation. The present study aims to analyze the efficacy obtained with the treatment of external cervical radicular resorption of an individual attended at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC / USP), in which periodontal treatment and clinical and radiographic followup were performed. This study presents a more conservative alternative treatment of external root resorption, with preservation of the pulp vitality of the dental element accompanied by the apparent stabilization of the resorptive process without the need for radical endodontic treatment.

External cervical root resorption is one of the disadvantages of the bleaching procedure. There are several mechanisms that may be responsible for causing resorption, such as the chemical and physical action of the utilized materials and the morphology of the cementoenamel junction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of a communication between the pulp chamber and the external root surface. The investigation was carried out by means of pH tests and measurement of dye infiltration into cervical dentin after the bleaching procedure. Thirty-four human permanent incisors were submitted to endodontic treatment. The teeth were assigned to three experimental groups, according to the level at which the filling was cut, and to the sealing of the root canal entrance with glass ionomer cement. Sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide were utilized for bleaching. pH readings were carried out after 30 minutes, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h from the beginning of the procedure. The teeth were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin for 24 h in order to determine possible differences in the permeability of cervical dentin. The results revealed that pH tended to change when the root filling was cut at the entrance of the canal, when 2 mm of the filling were removed, and when the canal entrance was sealed with glass ionomer. Dentinal permeability increased in the three experimental groups, in comparison with the control group. These slight differences may suggest a communication between the pulp chamber and the external root surface.