External root resorption: diagnosis and treatment. clinical case report

Abstract

Root resorptions are pathologies usually diagnosed by X-Ray rotine evaluation. They can be classified as internal, when root canal is involved and external, when periodontal ligament is involved. External root resorptions are processes in which the loss of cementoblasts occurs causing the mineralized surfaces to be susceptible to the action of clastic cells. The treatment of root resorption is basically root and / or periodontal endodontic treatment, depending on the location and extent of the reabsorption. When it attacks the cervical region, radical endodontic treatment can usually be associated with surgical complementation. The present study aims to analyze the efficacy obtained with the treatment of external cervical radicular resorption of an individual attended at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC / USP), in which periodontal treatment and clinical and radiographic followup were performed. This study presents a more conservative alternative treatment of external root resorption, with preservation of the pulp vitality of the dental element accompanied by the apparent stabilization of the resorptive process without the need for radical endodontic treatment.

Tooth root resorption: A review

“…26 , 27 EIR is associated with the infected pulp and periodontium. 11 , 19 , 28 It more often develops after severe trauma and commonly starts with a vestibular surface of the root. The development of the lesion mainly depends on pulp vitality.…”

“…The development of the lesion mainly depends on pulp vitality. 18 , 19 , 28 Consequently, if the blood supply of the affected tooth is not impaired, the activity of osteoclasts only focuses on the transformation of the affected external root surface, and the resorption is self-limiting, similar to that observed in a transitory apical breakdown. However, when the root canal gets infected, microbial toxins can move to the resorption area through dentinal tubules, leading to the progression of inflammatory resorption.…”

“…The pathological process is observed not only in the oral cavity but also with the disorders of cardiovascular, endocrine, and other body systems, conditioned by the changes in general health status. 19 , 26 – 28 …”

“…CBCT of the tooth is needed to clarify the character of the resorptive area, i.e., the accurate amount and dimension of the resorptive area, the extent of resorptive lesions alongside the root, and the presence of a root wall perforation. 19 , 28 , 29 …”

“…However, sometimes the radiographic appearance of root resorption may differ from the abovementioned images. 28 , 63 Although the parallax method can be used to identify the location and character of the resorptive lesion, IRR may still be misdiagnosed in teeth with multiple roots as ECR since the root canal of an intact tooth may be superimposed over the affected root, thus providing the appearance of ECR. 63 High-resolution CBCT is optional to confirm the exact nature, position, and amount of the IRR and the existence of a perforation.…”