Erismadelphus exsul Mildbr bark is widely used in Gabonese folk medicine. However, little is known about the active compounds associated with its biological activities. In the present study, phytochemical profiling of the ethanolic extract of Erismadelphus exsul was performed using a de-replication strategy by coupling HPLC-ESI-Q/TOF with a molecular network approach. Eight families of natural compounds were putatively identified, including cyclopeptide alkaloids, esterified amino acids, isoflavonoid- and flavonoid-type polyphenols, glycerophospholipids, steroids and their derivatives, and quinoline alkaloids. All these compounds were identified for the first time in this plant. The use of molecular networking obtained a detailed phytochemical overview of this species. Furthermore, antioxidant (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazylhydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing capacity (FRAP)) and in vitro antimicrobial activities were assessed. The crude extract, as well as fractions obtained from Erismadelphus exsul, showed a better reactivity to FRAP than DPPH. The fractions were two to four times more antioxidant than ascorbic acid while reacting to FRAP, and there was two to nine times less antioxidant than this reference while reacting to DPPH. In addition, several fractions and the crude extract exhibited a significant anti-oomycete activity towards the Solanaceae phytopathogen Phytophthora infestans in vitro, and, at a lower extent, the antifungal activity against the wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici had growth inhibition rates ranging from 0 to 100%, depending on the tested concentration. This study provides new insights into the phytochemical characterization and the bioactivities of ethanolic extract from Erismadelphus exsul bark.
<p>Aim of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of water-acetone, water-ethanol and water extracts of <em>Englerina gabonensis</em> and <em>Sterculia tragacantha</em>.Presence of phenols was evaluated to estimate the effects of plants on microbial diseases. Water-acetone, water-ethanol and water extracts were examined for antioxidant activities. All plant extracts were tested against six reference strains, eleven clinical isolates and two fungal strains.</p><p>Phenolic content were highest in the water-acetone and water-ethanol extracts from <em>Englerinagabonensis</em> in comparison with <em>Sterculia tragacantha</em>.The AAI (Antioxidant Activity Index)of water-acetone and water-ethanol extracts of <em>Englerina gabunensis</em> are superiors with 2. Plant extracts of <em>Sterculia tragacantha</em> show weak antioxidant activity (AAI < 0.5).The aqueous extract of <em>Englerina gabonensis </em>has a bactericidal effect on <em>Salmonella Spp</em>. Water-ethanol extract is bactericidal on <em>Bacillus cereus </em>LMG 13569 BHI, <em>Salmonella Spp</em>and <em>Neisseria meningitides. </em>Water-acetone extract presents a bactericidal activity on <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>103907 CIP, <em>Escherichi coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em>and <em>Neisseria meningitides.</em></p><p>Our results suggest that <em>Englerina gabonensis</em> extracts contain greater antioxidant and antimicrobial properties than <em>Sterculia tragacantha </em>extracts.</p>
Two plants used in traditional medicine from Gabon were studied. The aim of this study was to study the biological properties and phytochemical analysis of Cylicodiscus gabunensis Harms and Morinda lucida Benth. These extracts were subjected to antimicrobial (diffusion, dilution), antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS) and inhibition of protein denaturation. The water-ethanol, water-acetone extracts and the partitioned extracts (F1 and F2) of Cylicodiscus gabunensis showed the greatest antibacterial activity on the majority of microbial strains and a good inhibition of denaturation with IC50 of 58.75 ± 2.10; 19.16 ± 2.00; 69.50 ± 2.00 and 17.49 ± 1.20 μg / mL respectively, compared to standards. Similarly, these extracts of Cylicodiscus gabunensis have anti-free radical capacities close to standards including vitamin C and butylated hydroxyanisole. The phytochemicals present in the extracts of Cylicodiscus gabunensis and Morinda lucida may be responsible for the biological activities studied.
Hemitheion (1), a new sulfur-containing vobasanetype indole alkaloid, was isolated, together with three known compounds, vobasine (2), gelsedine (3), and gelsemicine (4), from the alkaloid extract of the stems of Mostuea brunonis Didr. (Gelsemiaceae). Compound 1 could be straightforwardly isolated. Its structure was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods. Besides corresponding to a formerly postulated biosynthetic intermediate toward theionbrunonines, hemitheion (1) stands among the few monomeric vobasanes lacking an oxygen at C-3. Hemitheion (1) showed moderate antiplasmodial activity in the micromolar range against the strain FcB1 of Plasmodium falciparum and no cytotoxic activity against the MRC-5 cell line at 20 μM.
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