El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la actuación de Brasil como miembro no permanente en el Consejo de Seguridad durante el mandato 2010-2011, destacando sus prioridades y haciendo un balance de algunas cuestiones centrales durante ese periodo. Guiándonos por asuntos centrales de la política internacional de la época y por las actuaciones y prioridades de la agenda brasileña, hemos elegido las siguientes cuestiones: 1) el papel de la minustah, 2) el conflicto Israel-Palestina, 3) las cuestiones africanas, 4) la reforma del Consejo de Seguridad, 5) el acuerdo nuclear Brasil-Turquía-Irán, 6) la posición sobre Libia. Se discute la alianza G-4, teniendo en cuenta la estrategia de Brasil para la obtención de un asiento permanente en el Consejo de Seguridad de la onu.
El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la actuación de Brasil como miembro no permanente en el Consejo de Seguridad durante el mandato 2010-2011, destacando sus prioridades y haciendo un balance de algunas cuestiones centrales durante ese periodo. Guiándonos por asuntos centrales de la política internacional de la época y por las actuaciones y prioridades de la agenda brasileña, hemos elegido las siguientes cuestiones: 1) el papel de la minustah, 2) el conflicto Israel-Palestina, 3) las cuestiones africanas, 4) la reforma del Consejo de Seguridad, 5) el acuerdo nuclear Brasil-Turquía-Irán, 6) la posición sobre Libia. Se discute la alianza G-4, teniendo en cuenta la estrategia de Brasil para la obtención de un asiento permanente en el Consejo de Seguridad de la onu.
This thesis argues from the central hypothesis that there is an essential antinomy in the contemporary Western political thought between human rights and Sovereignty. This antagonism can be observed in two fields (although interconnected): in the theorethical field itself, in which we arrive at a universal-cosmopolitan project antagonistic to the State-enclosed-national terrritory; and in the field of international law, where we encounter this paradox in some of the international post-Second World War legal instruments. At the end of the research, the hypothesis was confirmed, thus revealing the existence of a double theoretical-practical matrix in the political thought (two philosophies) of the contemporary world. On the one hand, human rights are taken to the very end (in its logical extreme), correlate and defend a world without borders, of the kosmopolites (world citizen). On the other hand, Sovereignty, equally taken in this logical extreme, refers back to territories frontiers, to the closed territories, and its exclusive jurisdiction. Seen from this point of view, Sovereignty ties itself to the logic of the wall, the distinction and polarity of I and the other, as the national-citizen versus the foreigner.
O presente trabalho apresenta um panorama da atuação do Brasil no Conselho de Segurança (CS) da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) na qualidade de membro não permanente no biênio 2004-2005. Esse foi o nono mandato brasileiro junto ao Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas (CSNU). Diante da conjuntura analisada, o país já detinha certo protagonismo nas questões que envolvem a paz e a segurança internacional. Destas credenciais, as posições do Brasil nesse biênio estiveram pautadas nos princípios da política externa brasileira, como a ênfase no multilateralismo, resolução de controvérsias por meios pacíficos, respeito à soberania, promoção do desenvolvimento das sociedades pós-conflito e repudio as violações de direitos humanos. O destaque da atuação do Brasil no período em análise tange às principais discussões realizadas no CSNU, tais como: o estabelecimento da MINUSTAH, a reconstrução do Timor Leste, os desafios para o continente africano; o problema das questões nucleares, os conflitos no Oriente Médio e as questões de combate ao terrorismo. Ainda, foi durante este biênio, que o Brasil lançou-se na aliança G4 a fim de fortalecer seu desígnio de compor o CSNU na qualidade de membro permanente.Palavras-chave: Política Externa Brasileira; Conselho de Segurança; Organização das Nações Unidas; Mandato 2004-2005. Abstract: The present paper shows an overview of Brazil's role in the Security Council (SC) of the United Nations (UN) in the non-permanent membership in 2004-2005. This was the ninth Brazilian mandate in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). On the analyzed scenario, the country already had a certain role on issues involving peace and international security. These credentials, Brazil's positions in this biennium were guided by the principles of Brazilian foreign policy, as the emphasis on multilateralism, dispute resolution through peaceful means, respect for sovereignty, promoting the development of post-conflict societies and repudiate the human rights violations. The highlight of Brazil's performance in the period under review with respect to major discussions in the UNSC, such as the establishment of MINUSTAH, the reconstruction of East Timor, the challenges for the African continent; the problem of the nuclear issues, conflicts in the Middle East and combat terrorism issues. Still, it was during this biennium, that Brazil was launched in alliance G4 to strengthen his plan to compose the UNSC as a permanent member.Keywords: Brazilian Foreign Policy; Security Council; The United Nations; Mandate 2004-2005.
ABSTRACT The article investigates Kantian cosmopolitanism, based on the philosopher’s works and his main commentators. The study chooses and highlights three central and specific themes: the evolution of the human species, the dilemma between sovereignty and cosmopolitanism, and the issue of hospitality. By casting light on these themes, the article attempts to fill in a gap in specialized literature from the fields of international relations and philosophy. Regarding the evolution of the human species, I emphasize the philosopher’s understanding of “unsociable sociability“ – a natural mechanism which provides the elementary basis for the advent of cosmopolitanism and perpetual peace. The dilemma between sovereignty and cosmopolitanism leads to the significant analysis of whether Kant has reflected upon or proposed transcending the paradigm of classical sovereignty. Finally, the discussion about hospitality becomes particularly relevant, and is scrutinized according to its juridical and ethical.
O presente artigo objetiva analisar, através do conceito de autonomia relacional, a política externa do Governo José Sarney (1985-1990). A estrutura do artigo é composta por dois momentos: inicialmente, são apresentadas as definições e interpretações do conceito de autonomia nas relações internacionais e política externa e, em seguinte, é desenvolvida a aplicação conceitual da autonomia relacional sobre a política externa brasileira do Governo Sarney, tendo em conta 2 (duas) questões paradigmáticas deste período, a saber: a integração regional do MERCOSUL; a inserção do país na ONU, tendo em conta a agenda do Conselho de Segurança e dos Direitos Humanos. Palavras-Chave: Autonomia relacional; Política externa; José Sarney.ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the foreign policy of the José Sarney Government (1985-1990) through the concept of relational autonomy. The structure of the article is composed of two moments: first, we presented the definitions and interpretations of the concept of autonomy in international relations and foreign policy. Secondly, we developed the conceptual application of relational autonomy on the Brazilian foreign policy of Sarney’s Government, taking into account 2 (two) paradigmatic issues of this period, namely: the regional integration of MERCOSUR and the insertion of the country in the UN, with emphasis on the Security Council and the Human Rights agenda. Keywords: Relational Autonomy; Foreign Policy; José Sarney.Recebido em: 30 abr. 2022 | Aceito em: 12 dez. 2022.
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