This study shows a high prevalence of CT infection among young pregnant women in Brazil. We suggest that CT screening should be included as part of antenatal care routine in this group in Brazil.
ObjetivO: descrever a prevalência e o perfil comportamental para infecções genitais em mulheres atendidas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde em Vitória, Espírito Santo. MétOdOs: estudo em corte transversal, realizado em mulheres de 15 a 49 anos, atendidas numa área atendida pelo Programa Saúde da Família (PSF). Os critérios de exclusão foram: ter sido submetida a um exame ginecológico há menos de um ano e ter histórico de tratamento recente (nos últimos três meses) para infecções genitais. Foi aplicada entrevista contendo dados sócio-demográficos, clínicos e comportamentais. Espécimes genitais foram coletados para citologia, bacterioscopia pelo Gram e cultura; e amostra de urina para teste de biologia molecular para Chlamydia trachomatis. ResultadOs: participaram do estudo 299 mulheres. A mediana de idade foi de 30,0 (intervalo interquartil: 24;38) anos; a média de idade do primeiro coito foi de 17,3 (dp=3,6) anos. A média de idade da primeira gravidez foi de 19,2 (dp=3,9) anos. Aproximadamente 70% relataram até oito anos de escolaridade; 5% relataram infecção sexualmente transmissível prévia e 8% uso de drogas ilícitas. Somente 23,7% relataram uso consistente de preservativo. As queixas clínicas relatadas foram: úlcera genital (3%); disúria (7,7%); fluxo vaginal (46,6%); prurido (20%) e dor pélvica (18%). As taxas de prevalência foram: Chlamydia trachomatis com 7,4%; gonorréia 2%; tricomoníase 2%; vaginose bacteriana 21,3%; candidíase 9,3%; e alterações citológicas sugestivas de vírus 3,3%. No modelo final de regressão logística, os fatores independentemente associados a infecções genitais foram: muco cervical anormal, OR=9,7 (IC95%=5,6-13,7); realização de teste de HIV prévio, OR=6,5 (IC95%=4,0-8,9); ter mais de um parceiro no último ano, OR=3,9 (IC95%=2,7-5,0) e ter mais de um parceiro na vida, OR=4,7 (IC95%=2,4-6,8). COnClusÕes: os resultados mostram alta freqüência de infecções genitais e a necessidade de medidas de prevenção, como o rastreamento de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e programas de redução de risco em mulheres que procuram o serviço ginecológico de rotina. AbstractPuRPOse: to describe the prevalence and behavioral profile of genital infections in women attended at a Primary Health Unit in Vitoria, ES. MethOds: a transversal study including 14 to 49-year-old women attended by the Family Health Program (FHP). Exclusion criteria were: having been submitted to gynecological examination in less than one year before, and history of recent treatment (in the last three months) for genital infections. An interview including socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral data was applied. Genital specimens were collected for cytology, GRAM bacterioscopy and culture, and urine sample for molecular biological test for Chlamydia trachomatis. Results: two hundred and ninetynine women took part in the study. The median age was 30.0 (interquartile interval: 24;38) years old; the average age of the first intercourse was 17.3 (sd=3.6) years old. The first pregnancy average age was 19.2 (3.9) years old. About 70% r...
Methods Analyses of positivity trends were conducted using available data for opportunistic asymptomatic tests (screens) from the NCSP national dataset for 2005 to 2010 from areas that implemented screening throughout this time period. Age, sex, ethnicity, sexual behaviour, regional and venue of screen weights for the English population of 15e24-year-olds were derived (from national sources where available) and applied to the dataset. Results From 2005 to 2010 there was an increase in screens among men. There were no major changes in characteristics known to be associated with infection (year of age, sexual behavioural variables). Available data on sexual behavioural variables and ethnicity decreased over time. There were some changes in venue use over time. Weighting for 5-year age group, sex, <2 sexual partners in past 12 months, ethnicity and region lowered positivity in each year but slightly increased the decline in positivity from an average decline of 13% per year (from 11% in 2005 to 6% in 2010) to an average of 14% per year (from 10% to 4%). Additional standardisation by screening venue did not reduce the overall observed decline in positivity during this period. Differences in positivity between venues remained, but were slightly reduced, after weighting for differences in known characteristics of screened clients. Conclusions The observed decline in positivity over time among screens was not accounted for by weighting for known characteristics of those screened or changes in testing venues. Together with the consistency of declining positivity in all sub-categories this suggests that a true decline in population prevalence may have occurred. Further analyses of the potential effects of data limitations and using regression techniques with additional variables (eg, deprivation) are in progress to better understand the relationship between screen positivity and population prevalence at different levels of screening uptake in England. Background National notifiable disease data indicate that 99 of every 100 000 persons in the USA were infected with gonorrhoea in 2009, the lowest recorded gonorrhoea rate in US history. However, the extent to which declining case reports signify a reduction in prevalence is unknown. In order to better understand national gonorrhoea trends, we examined prevalence over time among men and women entering the National Job Training Program (NJTP). Methods Gonorrhoea prevalence was estimated among 16e24-yearold men and women entering the NJTP in 48 states and the District of Columbia from 2004e2009. To approximate gonorrhoea screening, only data from the 105 (85% of all 123) centers that performed gonorrhoea testing on at least 50% of the population were included. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the probability of testing positive for gonorrhoea over time, adjusted for variables associated with gonorrhoea risk. Gonorrhoea prevalence among black women decreased from 3.6% in 2004 to 2.5% in 2009 and was 2e4 times higher than prevalence among white women during th...
Nottingham, Gwynedd and Neath Port Talbot). Eligible individuals were randomly selected from primary care trusts to health board registries. Assessment consists on multi-dimensional aspects of health, collection of saliva samples, and permission for review of general practice medical records. Those, who consent, will be flagged with the National Health Service central register to provide details of the date and cause of death. Results Collection of data are still ongoing and we will present what was collected up until December 2011. Conclusions CFAS II, in combination with its parent study will address key questions about health, diseases, associated disability, policy projections across generations of older people, who will reach the age of greatest frailty in the 2020s when the peak in numbers of 85 and over is expected. Background As the world population is ageing, and ageing is often stereotyped as a time of mental restriction and inflexibility, individuals make flexible use of available resources, including recruiting regions and other cognitive processes. Our aim is to identify what determines successful ageing across the adult lifespan into old age of cognitive abilities such as memory, attention, emotion, language and action. Methods A population-based cohort of 3000 adults, aged 18+, will be recruited with demographic and basic cognitive assessments. Of these, 700, aged 18e87 with 100 per decile, will be selected for comprising structural and functional neuroimaging [MRI and magnetoencephalography (MEG)] and neuropsychological tests. We will measure neural integrity and integration across cortical regions. On a subset of 280 adults further investigations will use functional MRI, MEG and electroencephalogram, and further behavioural testing. Formal statistical models will be used to examine the changes that occur with healthy ageing, and the reorganisation in terms of strategies and structures invoked to compensate for them. This approach offers hypothesis-driven insights into healthy ageing that are relevant to the general population. Results Collection of data started in Jan-11, with the initial cohort taking 2 years to recruit and a further 3 years for all detailed investigations. Conclusions Our research will generate a unique resource of neuroimaging and cognitive measures about change across the adult lifespan. Our analysis will help us to identify what characterises older adults with preserved performance and how normal ageing differs from pathological ageing in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. P1-245 CAMBRIDGE CENTRE FOR AGEING AND NEUROSCIENCE (CAMCAN) STUDY PROTOCOL
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