BackgroundCarapa procera is a native oil tree species with multipurpose values traditionally exploited by the local population in Southern Mali. This study focused on the assessment of local knowledge about the use of Carapa procera.MethodsSemi-structured ethnobotanical questionnaires were conducted among the ethnic groups Senufo, Fulani and Bambara in two localities in the Sudanian zone in Mali. Use values among these ethnic groups and gender were evaluated.ResultsThis study showed that Carapa procera is a species with multiple uses and high use values. According to the consensus value for plant parts (CPP), the nuts constituted 57% of exploited plant parts followed by bark and leaves (12%), wood and roots (7%), mistletoes (4%) and gum (1%). The use diversity (UD) values of Carapa procera showed a high proportion of cosmetic (UD = 0.49) and therapeutic (UD = 0.36) uses. The UD for therapeutic uses was higher for ethnic groups in Ziékorodougou than in Niankorobougou. In contrast, the UD for cosmetic uses was higher for ethnic groups in Niankorobougou than in Ziékorodougou. Comparative analysis between ethnic groups revealed that the highest UD for cosmetic uses (0.63) was observed in the Bambara ethnic group, whereas the highest UD for therapeutic uses (0.39) was obtained in the Senufo ethnic group. The UD showed that cosmetic uses were higher for women than for men in both locations. Men in Ziékorodougou had the highest level of knowledge regarding plant parts used, forms of use and the specific reasons for using Carapa procera.ConclusionThis study highlighted the sociocultural importance of Carapa procera. In the light of its multipurpose uses, the promotion and enhancement of Carapa procera can provide significant socio-economic benefits to local people. In this perspective, it is necessary to implement conservation strategies and sustainable management through domestication of the species.
Carapa procera is a wild oil tree species traditionally exploited in Mali for seed oil. Carapa oil is highly sought because of therapeutic, cosmetic, insecticidal and repellent properties. The purpose of this work was to contribute to the understanding of local practices in C. procera oil production and local perceptions related thereto. The method used was based on surveys in four production localities and tests of oil production according to the traditional processes practiced by the processors. Two methods of seed storage and oil extraction processes were identified. Women were the main actors in seed collection and oil processing. The average oil extraction efficiency from the seeds was 23.1% and varied among sites. The wet extraction process was the most efficient. In addition to socio-cultural considerations, difficulties related to technology (lack of adequate extraction equipment) and the decrease of carapa populations limit the full development of processing activities. It is necessary to undertake options to improve traditional oil production processes such as education and introduction of shea presses in order to reduce labour intensity, improve efficiency and ensure quality standards. It also requires action for the sustainable management and conservation of the carapa species.
This study examines the preferences of communities in the Mali-South area in terms of local woody species exploited for the production of oil. The study was conducted using ethnobotanical surveys based on semi-structured interviews in two localities of the circle of Sikasso. The surveyed ethnic groups are the Fulani and Senufo in Ziékorodougou, and Bambara and Fulani in Niankorobougou. The sample totaled 48 informants, including twelve defined by ethnic group in both localities. Vitellaria paradoxa, Lophira lanceolata, Carapa procera and Pentadesma butyraceae are the main local tree species identified for the production of oil in the area. Preference ranking scores revealed that C. procera is a species of priority importance after V. paradoxa. There is a similarity of community preferences in terms of plant species used for the production of edible oil. In contrast, community preference varied in terms of choices for the production of cosmetic oil. This difference appears to be related to the level of knowledge and uses of the products of these plants by local communities. The results of this study will help to integrate the needs of people in term of production of vegetable oil in promotion strategies and sustainable management of forest resources.
Key words: indigenous oil trees species, preference ranking, ethnobotany, local knowledge, sub-Saharan AfricaCette étude a mis en évidence les espèces ligneuses locales exploitées pour la production d'huile par les communautés en zone Mali-sud. L'étude a été réalisée à travers des enquêtes ethnobotaniques basées sur des interviews semi-structurées dans deux localités du cercle de Sikasso. Les ethnies enquêtées sont les Sénoufo et les Peulh à Ziékorodougou, les Bambara et les Peulh à Niankorobougou. L'échantillon a totalisé 48 informateurs dont douze par groupe ethnique dans les deux localités. Vitellaria paradoxa, Lophira lanceolata, Carapa procera et Pentadesma butyraceae sont les principales espèces ligneuses locales identifiées pour la production d'huile dans la zone. Les scores de classification préférentielle ont révélé que C. procera est une espèce d'importance prioritaire après V. paradoxa. Il existe une similitude des préférences des communautés en matière d'espèces végétales exploitées pour la production d'huile alimentaire. Par contre, pour la production d'huile cosmétique une variation des préférences communautaires a été constatée. Cette afrika focus -Volume 29, Nr. 1 [ 50 ] u. dembélé, y. koné, b. témé, et al.variation semble être liée au niveau de connaissances et d'utilisations des produits de ces plantes par les communautés locales. Les résultats de cette étude vont contribuer à intégrer les besoins des populations en matière de production d'huile végétale dans les stratégies de promotion et de gestion durable des ressources forestières.
Majority of the households in Mali depend on rain-fed agriculture for their food production. Overreliance on rainfed agriculture limit limits the production output due to unreliable rainfall in the country. To mitigate this, the government has invested in rehabilitation of irrigation schemes. Through appropriate irrigation technologies and improved agronomic management practices, agricultural productivity will be increased. The objective of this study was to determine the technical efficiency of small scale vegetables production under different irrigation systems. This study was guided by the production theory. Primary data was collected from 273 farmers selected proportionately from four wards (Fanafiecoura and Tieman, in Koulikoro region and Mopti and Dialango, in Mopti region) using face-to-face interviews. Secondary data from literature reviews was also used. Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production regression model was used in the analysis. Stata software was used for analysis. This study found that with respect to the production of potatoes, shallots and tomatoes, technical efficiency scores were highest in drip irrigation, followed by sprinkling irrigation and lowest in Californian irrigation system. This study recommends that drip, sprinkling Californian irrigation systems should be promoted since they presents a good opportunity for superior technical efficiency in vegetable production.
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