Background:Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is the most common allergic disease, affecting 30% of population around the world. The disease is predominantly associated with exposure to some aeroallergens like cigarette smoking. Skin Prick Test (SPT) is a method of detecting immediate allergic reactions and is applied for controlling disease and therapeutic modality.Objectives:This study was designed to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on SPT results among male and female individuals with AR disease.Patients and Methods:A total of 478 patients with AR admitted to the 2 main hospitals of Zahedan City from 2005 to 2012, were recruited in this analytic-descriptive study. Categories of smokers and never smokers were used based on patient’s statements and their history of smoking. SPT was performed with panel of some allergens and results were recorded and analyzed statistically. Odds ratio and confidence interval method were calculated using univariate logistic regression.Results:The results of this study indicated that 41.4% of patients with allergic rhinitis was smoker with ages ranged from 15 to 70 years. The result of this study also showed that smoking has no effect on SPT results of pollen and weeds aeroallergens conducted on male and female AR patients. However, male were significantly more sensitive than female in terms of sensitivity to the aspergillus, cladosporium, house dust mite, grasses, wheat, cockroach, and feather allergens.Conclusions:Our findings did not support the effect of cigarette smoking on SPT reactivity to pollen and weeds aeroallergens. However, male were significantly more sensitive than female in terms of sensitivity to some allergens.
Background and Objectives:In this study, we investigated the T helper (Th) to T cytotoxic (Tc) ratio in children suffered from hemophilia disease. 80 diagnostic subjects referred to Ali Asghar hospital of Zahedan city, Zahedan-Iran, were selected and the ratio of these cells were analyzed by analytic descriptive methods.Method of study:Two mls of EDTA anti coagulated whole blood was collected. Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes count was carried out by FACS analysis using a double CD4 and CD8 kit. The mean ± SD of absolute numbers of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes/ml was calculated and the ratio of CD4/CD8 was evaluated by statistical method.Results:We found 100% of patients were type A hemophilia. Among of them 66 (82.5%) were male. The mean age was 15±3.51 years. 12 (15%) of them had mild disease intensity and 68 (85%) had sever disease intensity. The ratio of CD4 and CD8 was obtained between 0.45 and 1.44 with mean1.79 ±0.78 and correlation with the gender and disease intesivity was 0.095 and 0.019 respectively.Conclusions:The results showed that the ratio of T helper (Th) to T cytotoxic (Tc) has significant correlation with
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the most common cardiovascular complications with a complex pathogenesis where inflammatory markers are involved in disease etiology. The aim of this Khazaei H.A. et al. Хазеи Х.А. и др. Medical Immunology (Russia)/Meditsinskaya Immunologiya Медицинская Иммунология study was to investigate haptoglobin phenotypes and their association with some risk factors in patients with a history of AMI. 120 patients who were referred to the emergency department of Amir Al Momenin hospital of Zahedan city, Zahedan-Iran were recruited in a cross-sectional case control study. 120 normal individuals were also chosen as controls for this study. Serum was isolated from routine bloods taken for diagnostic tests and used to determine haptoglobin phenotype distribution by electrophoresis. Phenotype differences as percent of phenotype frequency in patient and control groups were analysed using the χ 2 test and SPSS software. A high frequency of serum Hp2-2 haptoglobin phenotype in patients and healthy control were found (62.5% and 58.3% respectively). A meaningful statistical correlation between high frequency of Hp2-2 haptoglobin phenotype and AMI was not found (p value = 0.484). Whereas high frequency of Hp1-1 and HP2-2 phenotypes was associated with hyperlipidemia and hypertension respectively (p value = 0.01 and 0.04). Our results showed that there was a high frequency of Hp2-2 haptoglobin phenotype in patients as well as healthy controls in the population studies. High frequencies of Hp1-1and Hp2-2 phenotypes were associated with AMI in patients with hyperlipidemia and hypertension respectively. Thus these phenotypes in AMI patients may modulate the inflammatory response in combination with hyperlipidemia and hypertension.
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