In recent years, concern about the environment has been highlighted in many areas of life. Our limited resources are damaged, the future of human life disturbs this planet, thus leaders and thinkers have to create a solution. The influence of green marketing tools have been analysed in this study, namely the eco-label, eco-brand and environmental advertisement. The sampling used was available cluster sampling. Tehran city is divided into four parts, North, South, East and West. The western and northern areas of the city were selected and we distributed our questionnaire. The sample size was 384 people. Formulae and data was analysed using the Spearman correlation test and multiple regression analysis. The results show that environmental advertisement had the most significant effect on consumer purchasing behavior and eco-brand had the least effect.

ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to assess the effect of fennel on bone density.MethodsThis was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which studied sixty eligible postmenopausal women, who were randomly assigned to fennel and placebo groups. Then, the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was utilized to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the spine, femoral neck, intertrochanter, and trochanter at the baseline and after three-month follow-up.ResultsThe mean BMD and BMC at lumbar spine (P = 0.14, P = 0.504), total hip femoral (P = 0.427, P = 0.471), trochanter (P = 0.075, P = 0.07), intertrochanter, (P = 0.864, P = 0.932) and femoral neck (P = 0.439, P = 0.641) was not significantly different between the fennel and placebo groups.ConclusionsThe results of this study did not approve the effect of fennel on bone density in post-menopausal women. However, to gain deeper insights, further studies with longer durations and larger sample sizes are recommended.

Designer engineers have always the serious challenge regarding the choice of the kind of structures to use in the areas with significant seismic activities. Development of fragility curve provides an opportunity for designers to select a structure that will have the least fragility. This paper presents an investigation into the seismic vulnerability of both steel and reinforced concrete (RC) moment frames using fragility curves obtained by HAZUS and statistical methodologies. Fragility curves are employed for several probability parameters. Fragility curves are used to assess several probability parameters. Furthermore, it examines whether the probability of the exceedence of the damage limit state is reduced as expected. Nonlinear dynamic analyses of five-, eight-, and twelve-story frames are carried out using Perform 3D. The definition of damage states is based on the descriptions provided by HAZUS, which gives the limit states and the associated interstory drift limits for structures. The fragility curves show that the HAZUS procedure reduces probability of damage, and this reduction is higher for RC frames. Generally, the RC frames have higher fragility compared to steel frames.

ObjectivesThe present trial aimed to assess the effects of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) on lipid profiles.MethodsIn this double blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial, sixty eligible postmenopausal women were randomly assigned into the fennel and placebo groups. Total blood cholesterol, cholesterol fractions, and triglycerides were tested at the baseline, and after three-month follow-up.ResultsThere was no significant difference in triglyceride (P = 0.679), total cholesterol (P = 0.103), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; P = 0.146) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; P = 0.266) levels between the two groups. In addition, in both groups, a paired t.test showed no significant difference in all mentioned parameters, except for HDL-C, indicating significant borderline improvement (P = 0.052) in the fennel group.ConclusionsThe fennel group revealed a very slight positive change in LDL-C, triglyceride and HDL-C. Further studies with longer durations, higher doses, and larger sample sizes are recommended to validate the results.

The complexation reaction of N-phenylaza-15-crown-5 (PhA15C5) with UO 2 2? cation was studied in acetonitrile-methanol (AN-MeOH), acetonitrile-butanol (ANBuOH), acetonitrile-dimethylformamide (AN-DMF) and methanol-propylencarbonate (MeOH-PC) binary solutions, at different temperatures by conductometry method. The conductance data show that the stoichiometry of the complex formed between PhA15C5 with UO 2 2? cation in most cases is 1:1 [M:L], but in some solvent systems a 1:2 [M:L 2 ] complex is formed in solutions. The results revealed that, the stability constant of (PhA15C5ÁUO 2 ) 2? complex in the binary mixed solvents varies in the order: AN-BuOH[ANMeOH[AN-DMF. In the case of the pure organic solvents, the sequence of the stability of the complex changes as: AN[PC[BuOH[DMF. A non-linear relationship was observed for changes of logK f of (PhA15C5ÁUO 2 ) 2? complex versus the composition of the binary mixed solvents. The corresponding standard thermodynamic parameters (DH c°, DS c°) were obtained from temperature dependence of the stability constant. The results show that the values and also the sign of these parameters are influenced by the nature and composition of the mixed solvents.