The city of Assa is located in a saharian area characterized by an arid climate and water scarcity. Like any other saharian city in a developing country, the city is facing the challenges of rapid urbanization and the need to improve wastewater treatment and management. The main objective of this work is to assess the performance of waste stabilization ponds in an arid area. This evaluation concerns microbiological and physico-chemical monitoring over three and twelve months respectively. Microbiological results indicate bacterial elimination rates of over 90% in autumn–winter due to the effectiveness of facultative ponds with 20–25 days of retention time, water clarity, ponds depth, and high sunlight exposure and penetration. Physico-chemical parameters surpass the Moroccan standards for reuse except Ph and T0 by 20–30%, this wastewater is relatively loaded with various pollutants, especially high organic load and low oxygen content. Statistical analysis has been made by principal component analysis (PCA), and confirms that dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, COD and BOD5 do not reach the threshold for discharge into the natural environment, and moreover their reuse. For the improvement of the quality of these waters, it is legitimate to provide an upgrade of this plant by a tertiary treatment with maturation ponds.
In many parts of the world, waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) are currently the preferred wastewater treatment method for municipal wastewater. The objective of this research is to examine the performance of a WSP in an arid climate region and to identify ways to improve its purification efficiency so that it can meet the criteria for reuse. The results attributed the poor performance to both improper process and physical design after 12 months of physicochemical and bacteriological analyses, as well as monitoring of operation, maintenance and loading rates. In tertiary treatment, maturation ponds are added, an increase in the capacity of the station, and management of the flow rate and retention time for each pond. By simulating the new WSP with GPS-X, the best pond area ratio obtained is 2.5 m2/capita, with a retention time of 4 days for anaerobic ponds, 20 days for facultative ponds and 3 days for two maturation ponds in series, which is suitable and provides reduction rates of BOD and fecal coliforms of 95 and 99%, respectively, with an average effluent concentration of 20 mg/L and 195 CFU. According to the results, well-maintained WSPs provide a viable, self-sufficient and environmentally friendly wastewater treatment solution for irrigation water supply in dry areas.
Treated wastewaters are an important alternative water supply for communities in dry climates all over the world. This study investigates using waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) to treat wastewater and the design of a solar photovoltaic pumping system to transfer the water to an Oasis in the Moroccan desert. The Oasis is currently about 5 ha in size and is irrigated with 24 m3/day of underground water. The wastewater is subjected to physicochemical and bacteriological analyses, also monitoring of operation, maintenance and loading rates of the WSPs for 12 months. To build a solar water pumping system, data on the system's components as well as local climatic data are obtained. The design optimization is done by simulation software PVsyst. WSPs provide reduced rates of BOD and fecal coliforms of 95 and 99%, respectively, with an average effluent concentration of 20 mg/l and 195 CFU. The exploitation of solar energy for pumping 24 m3/day requires five panels with a unit nominal power of 440 W for each panel and 2200 W for the entire system. This allows us to save about 1,500 kg of CO2 emissions per year, protect the region's fragile water resources and ensure the sustainability of the Oasis.
The majority of cities in the Saharan territory of south Morocco utilize waste stabilization ponds (WSPs) for municipal wastewater treatment because of their relatively low capital, operational costs, and minimal complexity. New national effluent quality regulations have been implemented in Morocco, and they will be applied to all treatment systems. In this study, we chose three cities that are located in the Saharan area characterized by an arid climate and water scarcity. They are facing the challenges of rapid urbanization and the need to improve wastewater treatment and management. Treatment performance is impacted by community water use, pond design, and climate. The performance evaluation concerns seven physicochemical parameters during the year 2020. Monitoring results showed that WSPs in this climate can achieve removal rates between 75 and 85% for organic pollution and total suspended matter, but were challenged to produce effluent quality that meets reuse standards. Performance and statistical analysis have been done and confirm the existence of correlations between these parameters and the climate of the region. For the improvement of the quality of these waters, it is legitimate to upgrade the three WSPs with a tertiary treatment with maturation ponds.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.