PurposeThis study evaluates the impact of government social protection interventions on households’ welfare in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses survey data comprising 393 observations and the multinomial logistic regression technique to analyse the effect of government interventions on households’ welfare. For robustness purposes, a negative binomial regression model is also estimated whose results corroborate the main results from the multinomial regression model.FindingsThe study’s findings show that government economic interventions through social protection significantly reduce the likelihood of a decrease in household income or consumption. COVID-19 grant/social relief of distress grant, unemployment insurance, tax relief and job protection and creation are all significant in sustaining household income and consumption.Practical implicationsThe findings have policy implications for social development. Specifically, the findings support the use of government social protection as a safety net for low-income groups in South Africa.Originality/valueThe study presents preliminary evidence on the effectiveness of several measures used to ameliorate the COVID-19-induced recession within the South African context.
Green branding marketing techniques have become a popular area of research; however, the use of 'green' terms confuses both businesses and customers. This has resulted in consumers becoming more suspicious about the validity of green marketing and green management practices. The objective of this chapter is to outline the concepts of green marketing and green management in detail to clearly demonstrate how they can effectively achieve their aims of ensuring environmental sustainability. An analysis of current extant literature will be explored, and successful green approaches will be used to develop a theoretical framework for green marketing, green management, and sustainability to foster a more climatic conditions-sustainable economy. The literature in this chapter indicated the need for understanding the impact of green marketing and green management on the sustainability of the financial services sector in order to provide recommendations that can direct funding more effectively towards climate-resilient activities and a more climatic conditions-sustainable economy.
South Africa is viewed as one of the developing countries when compared to other African countries. However, the challenges that are experienced by the Small Business Enterprises (SMEs) continue to limit the economic growth of the country. Thus, these challenges are linked to the high rate of business failures. The main aim of the study is to evaluate constrains that hinder the sustainability of small businesses in Durban, South Africa. Employing the sociological entrepreneurship theory to understand the context of entrepreneurship and the challenges that pose a threat to the entrepreneurial activities, a qualitative approach was employed to achieve the objectives of study. A convenience sampling technique was employed to conduct in-depth interview among ten (10) entrepreneurs who participated in this study. NVivo 12 software was employed to analyse the data using a thematic and content analyses. The study findings revealed poor management, poor planning and lack of appropriate technology as some of the challenges confronting small businesses. Recommendations and conclusion are provided in this article.
Green transformational leadership has been identified as the most effective leadership style where the leader seeks to change the status quo by transforming the organization and also considers achieving environmental goals and inspiring followers to perform beyond expected levels of environmental performance. Drawing insights from the literature on transformational leadership, this chapter examines the influence of green transformational leadership on organizational behavior effectiveness and environmental sustainability. This chapter submits that organizations should be moving towards green innovation by formulating policies and embarking on strategies to meet customers' demands and satisfy environmental needs in the marketplace. Therefore, organizations should consider going green in all they do as this will also have a tremendous influence on the employees' green self-efficacy and impact on the society at large. The chapter concludes that organizational behavior effectiveness in recent times requires responsible business practices or solutions from those in leadership.
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