and the Israel Cytokines Standardization Laboratory.Background. The study aim was to determine the kinetics of serum pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP) in hip-fracture patients over a month postfracture, and their relationship to postoperative (postop) complications and cognitive level.

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Rehabilitation efforts should best be targeted depending on need. Rehabilitation professionals should make an educated estimate of outcomes at the beginning of rehabilitation based on the characteristics of the patients (level of amputation and functional level on admission).

Cognitively impaired patients can improve in mobility and performance of extended ADL during day hospital rehabilitation. Evaluation of the patients' cognitive status may enable the multidisciplinary team to develop suitable individual programs and better allocate resources. Cognitively intact stroke patients may benefit from extended rehabilitation treatment compared to impaired stroke patients as they are more capable of utilizing their potential to achieve independence in daily tasks.

The spread of thalassemia among prehistoric populations of the Mediterranean Basin has been linked to the increased risk to early agriculturalists posed by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite. The diagnosis of the disease in human skeletal remains, however, has usually been based on a single pathological criterion, porotic hyperostosis. This paper reports on what we believe to be the earliest case of thalassemia yet identified in the prehistoric record. Our diagnosis of the disease in an individual from the submerged Prepottery Neolithic B village of Atlit-Yam off the Israeli coast is based on a pathological humerus demonstrating a pattern of deformation characteristic of clinical thalassemia. The implications of these findings for our understanding of human societies undergoing the transition from foraging to agriculture in the Near East are discussed.