38 4) instant inclusion of smoke protection systems (smoke and heat removal system with opening mechanism) 5) automatic opening of evacuating doors; 6) instant inclusion of an automatic fire extinguishing system for objects.At the present stage, when installing fire protection systems (FPS) at the facility, a problem arises that they do not take into account for the facility, in order to reduce the cost of purchasing fire protection systems, the allowable service area for each device in the system. This approach leads to a decrease in the functionality of the fire protection system of the facility by 40...65 %. In turn, in case of fire at the facility, in this case, losses from the fire increase 2...3 times [1].Fire statistics indicate that the number of fires in warehouse buildings in Ukraine annually exceeds 130 [2]. In most cases, warehouses are burned to the ground for a large amount of fuel load and the failure of fire protection systems to ensure their fire safety. Over the course of 5 years, a significant number of fires occurred in the USA, namely 1210 in

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Wild fires have a catastrophic impact on the environment and lead to people’s deaths. Such fires are relevant in the global context. Many countries declare some of their territories an ecological disaster zone during fires in natural ecosystems (USA, Portugal, Greece, Spain, Italy, Australia). Fires in ecosystems occurred in southern Ukraine in 2007 and in the eastern part of Ukraine in 2021, which destroyed large tracts of pine, as well as homes, buildings and caused human casualties. In the given research, much attention is paid to fire-prevention measures in natural ecosystems. It is proposed to optimize fire stations in the territory of Male Polissya (Ukraine), where frequent grass fires and grassland forest fires occur, since existing fire stations are not able to respond to all fires in the region in a timely manner due to the lack of forces and resources. Optimization of fire station locations was carried out using Voronoi diagrams. This research has a practical aspect, ensuring the protection of human health and life by preventing destructive fires in natural ecosystems through the creation of local safety facilities. On the example of 3 administrative districts of Lviv Oblast in Ukraine, it was established that in order to respond quickly to fires in ecosystems, it is necessary to create 20 additional fire stations, which has been determined by the 20-minute drive method approved by the state authorities. The algorithm proposed in this work can be applied to rural areas in other administrative units, both in Ukraine and other countries. The next step in the development of this technique is to determine the required amount of equipment and human resources for firefighting in ecosystems taking into account the projected dynamics of fires and the time required for the delivery of fire extinguishers to epicenters of these events.

Localization and forest fire suppression is an urgent problem for the whole world. Given the heterogeneity of forests on the planet, approaches to modeling the spread of fires and their extinguishing are different. In this article a method for determining the required number of forces and means for the localization of ground forest fires is offered, taking into account the location of firefighting equipment in forests. To forecast the spread of fire, equidistant places from the fire departments in forests were chosen using Voronoi diagrams. The results of the calculation make it possible to conclude whether there are enough available forces and means to localize the predicted fire and to suggest additional firefighting equipment locations. The use of Voronoi diagrams for the State Enterprise "Zhovkva Forestry" in the Lviv region showed 12 dangerous areas, which are located the furthest from the fire departments. The method for determining the optimal location of firefighting equipment was applied to the Butynskyi forestry in Zhovkva forestry enterprise. Reducing the time of free spread of ground forest fires by 25% using rational placement of firefighting equipment and machinery, allows to reduce the number of employees for its localization by 53.8%.

The article is devoted to the issue of the negative effect of delays in the movement of special rescue vehicles on the effectiveness of their mission. The dependence of the area of fire on the delay of the arrival of firefighters using a fire-rescue vehicle is shown. The cascading graph of route options of special vehicle movement to the place of an emergency call is given. The algorithm of the optimal route choice of the special vehicle motion with given projected delays is offered. Based on the graph theory, probability theory, and the basic principles of traffic organization, the article proposes a new way to determine the optimal route.

Formulation of the problem. Within the functional areas of logistics, operations and functions related to purchasing, production and sales are carried out. Moving raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are possible in the case of the use of vehicles, which adequately reflects the practical importance of the concept of transport and logistics activities. Therefore, to achieve optimization of logistics functions and operations, and, as a consequence, the goals of logistics, an important aspect is the choice of modern vehicles for the transportation of goods. Vehicle operations usually represent the largest total logistics cost due to the purchase of fuel and lubricants, proper organization of vehicle service, including the timely and comprehensive performance of all types of maintenance. In this regard, the concept of introducing electric vehicles is rapidly developing in the world, changing the idea of possibilities of an electric car not only as an individual vehicle for transportation but also as a transport, acquires relevance in the field of logistics and freight transport. The purpose of the work is to analyse the current state of the electric vehicle industry in the world and Ukraine. As well as to substantiate ways to optimize the use of electrically powered vehicles in supply chain management, depending on their technical characteristics.Results. Samples of electric vehicles produced in the EU and the USA are shown. The possibility of using electric vehicles as the main vehicles is considered, provided that their dispersion in the middle of the supply chain is taken into account. A scheme for the use of electric vehicles in the supply chain management process is proposed, which covers the dispersion of electric vehicles following the functional areas of logistics. The proposed scheme for the use of electric vehicles in the supply chain management process, taking into account the functional areas of logistics, has established that it is most expedient to use electric vehicles with a carrying capacity of 1,75−36 tons at the stages of procurement and production, and additionally with a carrying capacity of up to 1,75 tons to distribution points. Electric vehicles with a carrying capacity of up to 700 kg can be effectively used to provide services and technical support in the process of supply chain management. The scientific novelty of the research is that, for the first time, using the "Model of one vehicle on the route", the dependence of the stay time of electric vehicles Renault Kangoo Z.E., Volkswagen e-Crafter and Tesla Semi in the operating conditions of the route, on the distance of transportation was obtained.

Introduction. The process of an accident is complex because it depends on a large number of factors, the rela-tionship of which is sometimes not obvious enough. The process of a traffic accident is influenced by such conditions as: permanent (for example road conditions) and accidental (weather conditions, technical condition of the vehicle, psycho-physiological condition of the driver). In other words, road conditions are changing over a certain period: the level of road surface and road grip is deteriorating, roads are being reconstructed. However, the time during which these changes occur is incomparably greater than the time of changes in weather conditions, the technical condition of vehicles, the psycho-physiological condition of the driver. Therefore, if we are talking about a specific road accident or a group of road accidents committed in a relatively short time, then such a question is justified.Purpose. The work aimed to study the method of accident coefficients with the introduction of additional cost coefficients in this method, which allows establishing those sections of roads on which measures should be taken to improve conditions or reconstruction of individual road sections in the first place.Methods. During the research, a multifactor model of the influence of road conditions on the accident rate of road sections was used. Results. The paper found that the parameter αі is an indicator of the level of influence of the i-th factor (private accident rate) on the final characteristic of the accident. Calculations for many variants of road sections of different cate-gories show that the range of change of parameter αi is quite wide and depends on the combination of road conditions. Numerical values can both increase the weight share of the i-th factor in the final accident, and reduce it.Conclusion. It is proposed to adopt the method of accident coefficients as the basis of the statistical model of mutual influence of road conditions. Express a multifactor model of the influence of road conditions on the accident rate of road sections by a multiplicative functional dependence and obtain the parameters of the statistical relationship between the factors (αі та А0). Interpret the parameter А0 as part of the final accident rate, independent of road conditions, or not taken into account by private accident rates. And the parameter αі - as the degree of influence of the i-th factor on the final accident rate.

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