Unlike the other forms of investment strategies, foreign direct investment (FDI) involves the long-term commitment in the host country. FDI determinants are complex and multi-dimensional phenomena that result from both macro-economic and firm strategy considerations. The main objective of the present research is to review the empirical studies on FDI determinants in order to find out what motives international corporations are pursuing since the FDI policies and nation-specific business environment are directly affecting international corporations’ activity involvement. The literature and document review research method is adopted for this research, and the research is refined by including only papers that contained empirical studies on FDI determinants. Research has been carried out using secondary data drawn from a diverse pool of materials, including books, journals and other credible reports from international institutions. This research concludes the evidence of the mixed results on such a linkage.
The study aims to substantiate effective strategies to manage credit risks in commercial banks, for example, Kosovo. Based on the annual financial statements of commercial banks in Kosovo for 2010-2020. We built polynomial regression models to assess the impact of credit risk on the bank's financial stability. Empirically, determined and argued the different nature of the credit risks influencing the bank's financial stability according to various on the assets size of commercial banks. Preventive and reactive scenarios for minimizing the negative impact of credit risk on the financial stability of commercial banks in Kosovo have been determined using the constructed regression models. The results obtained are of practical importance and can help develop effective strategies for managing the financial risks in commercial banks in times of crisis and building up financial stability in stable conditions.
Commercial banks' credit risk management is a function that focuses on events that may affect the achievement of objectives. Improper management will result in negative consequences or results. Therefore, banks usually pay more attention to events with a higher probability and impact of a direct loss of revenue and capital than events that may result in positive effects. This research adopts secondary data and seeks to analyze credit risk management of commercial banks in Kosovo through a developed DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model. The study covers seven commercial banks in Kosovo for the period 2008-2016 and uses Tobit regression to determine credit risk efficiency. The estimation results show a statistically significant positive relationship between bank efficiency, capital adequacy, and loans. Moreover, the study found that banks' efficiency factors, including profitability, deposits, costs, banks size, GDP growth, and inflation, are not statistically significant.
The problem relating with the accounting fraud is that it has not stopped despite the numerous changes that have been made in legislation and strict controls by the internal and external auditors. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to asess strategies and techniques available to use for accounting fraud detection. Also, this paper aims to assess the impact of fraud, and the role of auditors and the media in combating this phenomenon. This research will be carried out using secondary data because it fits better the aim and purpose of the research. Data used derived from a range of sources that have a very high degree of credibility and reliability, and which have been carefully reviewed by other relevant bodies for accuracy and quality purposes. This includes databases and various publications. In addition, the data also stem from individual and group publications made by renowned scientific researchers who have solid expertise in their field of accounting. Narrative analysis is used to analyze the data in this paper. This research will conclude that techniques used for the detection of fraud in accounting and various strategies can positively influence the treatment of this phenomenon due to the alarm buzzer for possible fraud. However, vigilance is necessarily required to add all parties involved in the corporation through the use of different anti-fraud programs to stimulate the accountability of the management executives and employees through informants to fight this destructive phenomenon.
Abstract. Today risk management plays a vital role in business. Each firm, whether big or small, makes an effort to manage risk more effectively. Risk management is very important in the financial system, especially in banks. Billions of Euros are spent each year on the financial reporting of banks. Banks should implement effective solutions in risk management to mitigate their risks. Great financial debate that originated in the 1990s is reportedly linked to errors that occurred in the banking sector due to poor risk management. It should be noted that today technology plays a key role in risk management and it has already had a positive effect on the financial industry. Analysis of risk and its management has become significant in the Kosovo economy since the post-war period. The nature of the banking business is threatened by risks because more financial products are becoming complicated. The main role of banks is intermediation between those who have resources and those seeking them. Banks face various risks at the corporate level, such as operational, liquidity, legal, credit, and market risks; thus, these risks should be converted into a composite measure. This research aims to determine practices and effects of risk management in the banking sector. Relevant data were collected from banks through questionnaires and telephone interviews; analysis has been conducted using statistical tools. This study will engage both the quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. Dependent variables will be separated from independent variables, and regression analysis will be used to analyse the quantitative data.
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