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Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Risk assessment is one of the main services delivered by cancer clinics. Biomarker analysis on different tissues including the peripheral blood can provide crucial information. One of the potential epigenetic biomarkers (epimarkers) is introduced as the peripheral blood DNA methylation pattern. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential value of peripheral blood epimarkers as an accessible tool to predict the risk of breast cancer development. WBC's DNA was the focus of several case-control studies at both genome wide and candidate gene levels to reveal epigenetic changes accounting for predisposition to breast cancer, leading to suggest that ATM, TITF1, SFRP1, NUP155, NEUROD1, ZNF217, DBC2, DOK7 and ESR1 genes and the LINE1, Alu and Sat2 DNA elements could be considered as the potential epimarkers. To address that by which mechanisms WBC's DNA methylation patterns could be linked to the propensity to breast cancer, several contemplations have been offered. Constitutional epimutation during embryonic life, and methylation changes secondary to either environmental exposures or tumor-mediated immune response, are the two main mechanisms. One can deduce that epimarkers based on their potential properties or regulatory impacts on cancer-related genes may be employed for risk prediction, prognosis, and survival inferences that are highly required for breast cancer management toward personalized medicine.

Background: Despite the recommendations to follow guidelines for the prevention of COVID-19, different communities do not completely adhere to these guidelines. The aim of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators of the adherence of the people of Sanandaj to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines. Materials & Methods: The present study was a qualitative content analysis study conducted in 2020. A purposive sampling method among the residents of Sanandaj, Iran was applied and continued until data saturation was achieved. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants. A verbatim transcription of interviews was analyzed through qualitative conventional content analysis. Results: Participants included 12 men and 8 women. Data analysis yielded 8 categories and 26 sub-categories regarding the barriers and facilitators of the participants’ adherence to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines. The barriers included myths, being under pressure, and letting and facilitators included awareness, fear, commitment, unity against the disease, and warnings. Conclusion: According to the findings, it is necessary to correct people’s beliefs, support them, and continue to make them informed about the disease. Increasing awareness and commitment, strengthening the spirit of unity among people, and increasing the level of warnings can be effective in increasing adherence of people to the COVID-19 prevention guidelines.

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The report of LMNB2‐related progressive myoclonus epilepsy and ataxia due to missense homozygous c.473G>T variant.

Background: In various cancers, Ganoderic Acid A (GAA), an active triterpenoid derived from Ganoderma Background: Thalassemia refers to a category of inherited disorders resulting from defects in synthesizing one or several chains of hemoglobin (Hb). The present study aimed to determine the frequency of alpha and beta-thalassemia mutations in Kurdistan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, the laboratory data of 340 patients with thalassemia (170 females and 170 males), who were candidates for genetic testing in Kurdistan province, were examined over ten years (2006-2016). The participants were Kurd couples selected from the premarital health screening program. Results: In this demographic study, 20 beta mutations and nine alpha mutations were identified. Among the beta-thalassemia mutations, intervening sequence or intron No. 2- first nucleotide change as splice site mutation (IVS-II-1) (26.1%), codons 8/9 (14.8%), and intervening sequence or intron No. 1- first nucleotide (IVS-I-1) (12.2%) change as splice site mutation), had the highest frequency rates, respectively, constituting 53% of the beta mutations. In addition, α3.7(82.7%), -α4.2(8.3%), and --MED (Mediterranean deletion) (3.75%) were the most frequent alpha mutations, which constituted more than 90% of the alpha mutations. Conclusion: According to the results, the most frequent mutations in the HBB gene are IVS-II-1, Codons 8/9, and IVS-I-1, and in the HBA gene are α3.7, -α4.2, and –MED in Kurdistan province. In addition, the role of race and ethnicity as significant, influential factors in thalassemia was observable in the findings. The obtained results also indicated the communication pattern between the studied region's populations. Identifying common thalassemia mutations in an area could greatly benefit the early detection of thalassemia carriers in genetic laboratories and enhance thalassemia prevention programs.

Endometriomas as a possible cause of reduced ovarian reserve in women with endometriosis [2] High prevalence of endometriosis in infertile women with normal ovulation and normospermic partners [3] Laparoscopic colorectal resections with transvaginal specimen extraction for severe endometriosis [4] SEndometriosis and infertility: A committee opinion [5] Effect of endometriosis on IVF/ICSI outcome: Stage III/ IV endometriosis worsens cumulative pregnancy and live-born rates [6] Possible effects of endometriosis-related immune events on reproductive function [7] Endometriosis and infertility [8] Treatment of endometriosis as a priority before art [9] Efficacy analysis of an experience on development of the combination therapy protocol for endometriosis management [10] Endometriosis management; A survey on medical & laparoscopic treatment [11] The impact of endometrioma on IVF/ICSI outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis [12] Effects of ovarian endometrioma on embryo quality [13] Evidence linked treatment for endometriosis-associated infertility [14] Assessment of oocyte quality in polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis by spindle imaging and reactive oxygen species levels in follicular fluid and its relationship with IVF-ET outcome Aims The women with infertility caused by endometriosis, need to use assisted reproductive technology after their treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate fertility rate using ICSI in women with treated endometriosis compared to healthy women. Materials & Methods In this retrospective quasi-experimental study, endometriotic women (n=150) who were treated by endometriosis treatment protocol of Sarem Women's hospital were selected and their fertility rate was compared with that of normal women (n=150) who referred Sarem Women's hospital for ICSI due to obstructive azoospermia of their husbands. The data were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U, Fisher's exact and Chi-square tests using SPSS 22 software. Findings The mature oocytes number of case group was significantly lower than control group (p=0.036); however, the fertility rate did not show significant differences between groups (p=0.397). There was a reverse significant correlation between the grade of endometriosis with the total oocyte and mature oocyte counts in endometriotic patients after treatment (p=0.04 and p=0.016, respectively). Conclusion The fertility rate using ICSI method in women after endometriosis treatment is not different from healthy women.