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This study aimed to assess the effect of high and low levels of flexibility on key performance indicators of volleyball performance. Eighty-four volleyball players (n=84; mean±SD; decimal age: 16.57±1.51; height (cm): 176.23±8.77; body mass (kg): 66.14±11.79) were selected for the study. The design of the study was cross-sectional and to measure selected variables i.e. agility, lower body muscular power, and acceleration speed; 6×10 m shuttle run, countermovement jump (with arm swing) test and 20 m sprint test (standing start) were used. To measure the flexibility level of the players, sit and reach test was used. Shapiro-Wilk normality test was conducted to check the distribution of data and the Levine test was applied to check homogeneity of the variance in data. Participants were divided into two groups i.e. High Flexibility Group (HFG) and Low Flexibility Group (LFG) using k-means cluster analysis and independent t-test was applied to find the differences between HFG and LFG. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results showed statistically significant difference between HFG and LFG in agility, acceleration speed and lower body muscular power and, based on the results, it was concluded coaches should include flexibility training in the regular training programme. The results obtained supported the rationale that baseline flexibility may influence the performance of volleyball players. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0778/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

To determine acute effects of dynamic versus static stretching on explosive agility of young football players. Material and Method: The study was conducted on 30 male academy football players between 14-16 years. Thermometer and stop watch was used to determine the body temperature and timings of testing respectively. Agility scores using Illinois agility test were taken between three groups of 10 each i.e. control, dynamic stretching, and Static stretching groups. Results: The mean time in control, dynamic and static group is 16.049,13.075 and 14.632 respectively. And p value in control versus dynamic group is 0.0001, in control versus static group is 0.05 and in dynamic versus static group is 0.007. "t" score in control versus dynamic group is 4.783, in control versus static group is 2.108 and inn dynamic versus static group is 3.061.Conclusion: There is no significant difference in acute agility scores after static versus dynamic stretching with warm up.

AbstractsBr J Sports Med 2010;44(Suppl I):i1-i82 i39

Aim: Effect of Spinal Exercises and Epidural Injections in Chronic Low Back Pain Method: A total of 50 patients were given epidural injection with 18 males and 32 females. The patient who was included in the study should be diagnosed be chronic low back pain with or without radicular pain, age group 19-70 years, should have pain more than three months. The outcome measures were pain scale and Ronald Morris Disability Questionnaire for pain and disability respectively. Results: The result suggested that there is significant decrease in the pain, after the injection at all points, when follow up were taken after one month, after three months and after six months with p value <0.0001. Also, there are significant results for RMDQ showing decrease in disability after injection at all the points, when follow up were taken after one month, after three months, after six months with p value =0.0001. Conclusion: The study concluded that epidural steroid injections along with spinal exercises were effective in reducing pain and disability in chronic low back pain patient.

Aim: To study biochemical variables of high and low altitude male rajput residents.Method: Present study was carried out on 400 male rajput residents, residing at High and Low altitudinal areas of Himachal Pradesh. Blood glucose and lipid profile was measured. Results: The total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL was significantly lower in high altitude (HA) than low altitude (LA) in group-1 (p-value < 0.0001). Conclusion: It was concluded in terms of biochemical variables triglycerides, blood sugar, total cholesterol, HDL of residents inhabiting high altitude had better level of adaptation due to their healthy life style.