Supervision is understood as a professional, formative, administrative and managerial practice provided by an experimented professional to a professional in the same field, with the purpose of transfering knowledge and training specific competences, useful in his practice with the purpose of providing as qualitative as possible services to its own beneficiaries. The article reviews a series of normative frameworks based on which the process of supervision of social services in countries such as Singapore, New Zeeland, Australia, Canada, USA, Great Britain and Romania. By comparatively analyzing these frameworks, we noticed that generally, there are two models formulated -the first one which regards the supervisor as a professional with experiece in social work, and the other model sees supervision as a distinct profession with transdisciplinary nature, but with access limited by the need for an initial training and previous experience in the field of social work. We notice that, in general, the national frameworks identify three functions of supervision: administrative, formative and managerial, and place a special emphasis on the role of the supervisor as trainer in the field of professional ethics.
The digitalization of the everyday experience is a process which achieves virtual reality through a process of replacing the original and authentic experience with digital artefacts: cybersex, augmented reality, revolutions 2.0. We are even proposed a full digitalization of the contents of consciousness, and the development of our own existence in virtual spaces, as a means of prolonging life indefinitely. The objective of the paper is to identify and analyze certain philosophical perspectives on the mutations at the level of the cultural model called transmodern society, following the process of "virtualization of the social space". The virtual space is non-tridimensional. The characteristic of topological distance, specific to any human cohabitation is being replaced with that of intersubjective distance, regarded as the subjective intensity of the communication. The understanding of the virtualization of social space may open new horizons of investigation in the philosophy of mentalities, cultural anthropology, communication sciences and tehnoethics.
Abstract:The present paper aims to contribute to the theoretical and operational understanding of the distinction between social constructivism and social-constructivism, both theories being referential for the foundation of a new ontology and social epistemology. In literature, the two models are often used in the same sense, both of which are used as theoretical references in research on the social construction of an institution or social phenomenon.
In the transmodern context, transhumanism appears as a new paradigm, with a centripetal tendency, which proposes the reinventing of man by overcoming the current biological limitations with the help of new technologies, so called human amelioration. In our work, we want to discuss in a speculative manner the possibility of the existence of the posthuman individual in the biological and moral (self) transcendence of the self. We will discuss a series of technologies capable of irreversibly modifying the human condition by placing humanity first in a transhuman or posthuman condition: technologies of virtualization of the social space that allow the transcendence of the spatial limitation of the human condition as a localized being within the finite limits, by opening up to communication and beingness in a non-topological space, the possibility of downloading the consciousness into electronic storage media, which would allow it to be in a non-biological space, that is, independent of its own corporeality and the supposed technologies of indefinite extension of life, which removes the human being from the the physical horizon of temporality and finitude. In defining the boundaries of the human condition, we have appealed to the work of the philosopher Abhinavagupta (975-1025), who was one of the greatest philosophers, aestheticians and mystics of the Shia school of Kashmir. The revaluation of the Kashmiri philosophy in the postmodern context allows us to rethink the human being's boundaries, whose overcoming allows for a transcendence of the human condition. The boundaries identified based on the work of the Kashmirian philosopher are: limitation in temporality, limitation in the capacity for knowledge, limitation in fullness (limitation in scopespatiality), limitation in causality, limitation in creative power. The overcoming of these ontological boundaries leads, in our opinion, to the emergence of an anthropological singularity, a concept built after the technological singularity, and implicitly of physical singularity.
The postmodern administration redefines its role as 'instance of mediation' between the citizen and politics. Public administration has a double purpose; maintaining a political position of axiological neutrality, while showing the citizen transparency and encouragement to participate in all stages of the public decision, from adopting and implementing to its evaluation. In this paper, we will argue the importance of a public administration centred on ethical values. Public good, alongside justice, can be considered a constitutive ethical value of any type of public administration, and the values of equity transparency and responsibility, as ethical operational values of a contemporary public administration system. The constitutive values make necessary the emergence and functioning of a system of social institutionsin this case, those related to public administration. The ethical operational values are those values that manage the functioning of an institutional system and establish its limitations. We bring a series of arguments for replacing the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic values with a distinction between constitutive and operational values, in the context of social-constructionist ethics development in public administration.
The structural transformation of the society is based on changing the quality of life of the population. Scientific and technological development has led to the emergence of a number of elements of post-industrial civilization. The term quality of life refers to the subjective perception of living conditions, being an integration of the perception of the facilities that social progress brings to individuals within society. The article aims to make a synthesis of specialized sociological literature -mainly Romanian -referring to the quality of life correlated with the health status of the population.
The chapter aims at arguing the necessity and academic functioning of the supervision of ethics – as a model embodied in ethical expertise. Starting with 2012, the model of ethics expertise in the social welfare practice – the supervision of ethics – was continuously developed. Based on the previous approaches of supervision of ethics, the process is understood as having the following main functions: the Gatekeeping in construction of ethics policies, the mediation in achieving a reflective balance in the organization, the administrative and deliberative function, the construction of ethical climate in organizations and monitoring of ethical conformity and counselling of ethics, ethical advising and support. This model brings together practices from all other forms of ethics expertise, additionally exercising its gatekeeper role in the transfer of political theories on public good through the implementing programs and practices thereof, and making the professional values compatible with the organisational ones.
Due to the fact that the value of public health and the value of individual health take precedence in health policies that respond to the pandemic created by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, there must be a number of limitations on autonomy and informed consent, equity in access to health, etc., and the limits of these measures must be clear to both decision-makers and the public, so the measures must be taken and implemented from an ethical perspective. This lecture will address a number of ethical features that should be taken into account during the pandemic. Public health measures must take into account a number of ethical principles, namely: the intervention should be based on research and be proportionate to the threat to public health posed by that infection, or that the public health hazard, in general, represents for a particular society in one area or another of the world. The purpose of the intervention must be dimensioned in such a way that the intervention is based on the scientific results and the professional judgment of the public health experts in the respective region. The results and goals of health policies as well as the reasons why the intervention takes place must be clearly communicated to the public and be understood accordingly (Cook, 2020).
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