The soft-input soft-output algorithm is used to iteratively decode concatenated codes. To efficiently implement this algorithm, an additive form in the logarithmic domain is employed. A novel analog implementation using CMOS translinear circuits is proposed. A multiple-input floating-gate CMOS transistor working in the subthreshold region is used as the main translinear computing element. The proposed approach allows a direct mapping between the decoding algorithm and the circuit implementation. Experimental CMOS chip results are in good agreement with theoretical and simulation results.
In this paper we present a vision of the sequence of three embedded systems design courses being taught for computer engineering technology students. The focus of these courses is to prepare strong students in both digital hardware design as well as embedded software design. The courses have been evolving from traditional delivery of the content to a highly interactive hands-on industry-like experience where students are allowed to balance tradeoffs between hardware and software, and to design from idea to final implementation. The sequence progresses around examples of everyday objects as simple as an electric toothbrush, to smartphones and tablets, to airplanes and military devices. Being so pervasive, emerging embedded applications are used as examples and students are asked to explore further to find what skills, hardware and software, are required to build these applications. In the present review, a glimpse of the core ideas around these three courses and how can they be implemented to engage students in this vast field is given.
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