Abstract. Kurniawan A, Hariati AM, Kurniawan A, Wiadnya DGR. 2021. First genetic record and the phylogenetic relationship of Osteochilus spilurus (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae) originating from Bangka and Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 794-802. Osteochilus spilurus is a freshwater fish from Southeast Asia. Species identification for this fish in Indonesia is still solely limited to morphological characteristics. Therefore it is highly important to validate using short DNA sequences that have been proven to be fast, effective, and accurate. Fish specimens were collected from Lenggang river in Belitung island, and Lebak river in Bangka island, Indonesia. Mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cyt b, 408 bp) was amplified and sequenced. We collected fish specimens from Lenggang River in Belitung Island and Lebak River in Bangka Island, Indonesia. The results suggested that individuals from both islands are clustered together with a strong bootstrap value (100%) in a monophyletic clade. The specimens deposited at NCBI as the first Indonesian genetic records. They have a sister lineage to individuals from Sabah, Malaysia, although supported by a low bootstrap value. While geographical connection during the Pleistocene period allowed wide distribution of the species, differences in the evolutionary processes of historical biogeography and environmental changes are the predicted cause of the low genetic similarity. These findings can be used as a sequence reference and basic information for conservation of this species.

Abstract. Pratama WW, Nursyam H, Hariati AM, Islamy RA, Hasan V. 2020. Short Communication: Proximate analysis, amino acid profile and albumin concentration of various weights of Giant Snakehead (Channa micropeltes) from Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1196-1200. Fish is an important foodstuff due to its nutritional value and high protein. One of popular fish as a foodstuff in tropical Asia is giant snakehead fish (Channa micropeltes). This study aims to examine the proximate composition, amino acid profile, and albumin concentration of giant snakeheads in various weights and to determine the best weight of giant snakeheads according to the proximate, amino acid, and albumin concentration. This research used natural-caught giant snakehead as a material of study, which was categorized into 4 weight sizes consisting of 4-5 grams (B1), 6-14 grams (B2), 15-34 grams (B3), 35-300 grams (B4). Based on the results of the test, the highest water content was found in B1 of 80.5%, the highest levels of protein and fat were in the B4 group of 16.8% and 1.7%, respectively. The highest total amino acid profile was found in B4, with the highest composition of essential amino acids, lysine, which was 2.02%, while the composition of the highest non-essential amino acid in glutamate was 3.60%. The highest albumin levels were in the B4 group which was 16.7%. According to the result of this research, the best weight to consume according to the proximate analysis (Protein, fat content), amino acid profile, and albumin concentration is a giant snakehead at the weightiest of 35-300 grams (B4).

The mitochondrial genome of a small freshwater fish Rasbora argyrotaenia from Java Island, Indonesia, was completely sequenced. This mitochondrial genome had 16,740 bp in length and consisted of 37 genes in the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement. Phylogenetic analysis showed that R. argyrotaenia is more closely related to R. borapetensis than to other Javanese rasboras, R. aprotaenia and R. lateristriata.

Nannochloropsis sp. has been identified as sources of live feed and pigment in aquaculture. To increase the production, the optimal environmental conditions for microalgae are required. Light intensity is one of the important factors that significantly affects the biomass and pigment of microalgae. The study aimed to determine the effect of light intensity (1,500; 3,000; and 4,500 lux) on growth, biomass production, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. The results showed that different light intensities significantly affected the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a and carotenoid contents of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Increasing light intensity resulted in the increase of the growth rate, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid contents of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. The cell achieved the highest specific growth rate of 1.729 /day and the cell concentration of 43.333×10 6 cell/mL at a light intensity of 4,500 lux. The highest chlorophyll-a and carotenoid concentrations of algae were obtained at 4,500 lux (8.304 µg/mL and 3.892 µg/mL, respectively). This study suggested that increasing light intensity led to the increase in the growth, biomass, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoid content of Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17.Keywords: carotenoid, chlorophyll, biomass, growth rate, light intensity ABSTRAK Nannochloropsis sp. diketahui sebagai sumber pakan alami dan pigmen pada budidaya perikanan. Budidaya pada kondisi lingkungan yang optimal diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi mikroalga. Intensitas cahaya merupakan salah satu faktor esensial yang secara signifikan mempengaruhi biomassa dan pigmen mikroalga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pengaruh intensitas cahaya yang berbeda (1.500, 3.000, and 4.500 lux) terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intensitas cahaya yang berbeda berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan, biomassa dan klorofil-a dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17. Semakin tinggi intensitas cahaya maka laju pertumbuhan, biomassa, kandungan klorofil-a dan total karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17 semakin tinggi. Laju pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi 1,729 /hari dan konsentrasi sel maksimum tertinggi 43,333×10 6 sel/ mL dihasilkan pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Konsentrasi klorofil-a (8,304 µg/mL) dan karotenoid (3,892 µg/mL) tertinggi juga diperoleh pada intensitas cahaya 4.500 lux. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan intensitas cahaya berperan dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomassa, klorofil-a, dan karotenoid Nannochloropsis sp. strain BJ17.

Shrimp, Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) and Penaeus merguiensis (de Man), culture on East Java is described with special attention to the differences in production characteristics between areas and districts. Traditionally, tambak culture developed along the North coast of East Java where the majority of modern tambaks are still located. The practice never developed extensively on Madura's Island. With the exception of the latter, intensification, startingin 1984‐1987, touched all areas. In 1991, the combined production of P monodon and P. merguiensis reached 35 000 Mt, representing a value of US$ 220 × 106. The following year, a decline in total production was noted, mainly caused by a diminished production of intensive farms. Possible causes for this production drop are explored.

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Osteochilus spilurus is a low economic value freshwater fish in Sumatra, Kalimantan, and the Malay Peninsula. The trade for consuming identified in Belitung island. There is no study-related to their morphological characters of the Bangka and Belitung islands. In this paper, O. Spilurus was investigated the character adaptations in different exploitation and geography separately by morphometrics and landmarks. O. spilurus from Bangka and Belitung island found to have a significant difference in eight morphometric characters: head length, head depth, snout length, pre-ventral length, body depth at anal, caudal pundacleqa depth, dorsal base length, and anal base length. Symmetry and Asymmetry Geometric Data (SAGE) analysis found individual variation significantly. Morphometric changes that are not accompanied by meristic changes indicate a different process of adaptation to the environment due to the isolation of thousands of years of habitat.

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