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The mitochondrial genome of a small freshwater fish Rasbora argyrotaenia from Java Island, Indonesia, was completely sequenced. This mitochondrial genome had 16,740 bp in length and consisted of 37 genes in the typical vertebrate mitochondrial gene arrangement. Phylogenetic analysis showed that R. argyrotaenia is more closely related to R. borapetensis than to other Javanese rasboras, R. aprotaenia and R. lateristriata.

Ikan Lempuk merupakan salah satu komoditas perikanan yang menjadi salah satu sumber kebutuhan protein hewani masyarakat serta daya tarik wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Ranu Grati Pasuruan Jawa Timur Indonesia. Ikan Lempuk mudah ditemukan di Ranu Grati dan tidak ditemukan di tempat lain. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah ikan Lempuk Ranu Grati termasuk dalam genus Gobiopterus sp. Morfologi ikan ini dapat dikenali dari warna tubuhnya yang transparan dimana organ dalam seperti jantung, ginjal, kantung renang, pembuluh darah dan tulang belakang dapat dilihat dari luar tubuh. Ikan ini memiliki panjang rata-rata 2,43 cm, berat rata-rata 0,1223 gram. Bentuk badan fusiform, letak mulut sub terminal superior, bentuk sirip ekor truncate dengan tipe ekor diphycercal. Ikan ini memiliki gigi pada kedua rahang atau biasa disebut letak gigi vomer dan memiliki bentuk gigi canine, terdapat dua jenis bentuk ekor yaitu tipe Rounded dan Truncate.. Nisbah jenis kelamin lebih dominan pada jantan daripada betina, dengan perbandingan  6,2: 3,8.

No abstract

Complete mitochondrial genome sequences were determined for two Indonesian freshwater fishes, Rasbora aprotaenia and Rasbora lateristriata. These genomes are 16,541 bp and 16,539 bp in length, respectively and encode 37 genes in the typical vertebrate gene arrangement. Phylogenetic analyses supported a view that these species are very closely related to each other.

Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus sp.) is one of the local species in Ranu Grati. The high level of Lempuk fishing and the low level of awareness of Grati community on the importance of conservation and domestication efforts, as well as the taxonomy of the fish itself have threatened the population. Therefore, long-term efforts should be undertaken to preserve and identify the origin of Lempuk fish by conducting a molecular phylogenetic study based on COI. This study aimed to determine, analyze and describe the kinship and phylogenetic relationships of Lempuk fish (Gobiopterus sp.). This study used a descriptive method, starting from the specimen collection, extraction by the Phenol-Chloroform method and amplification by the PCR method, to the screening process. The data analysis method used the MEGA 5 application. Phylogenetic study used the Maximum Likelihood method with a bootstrap value of 1.000 times. The results showed that the intra-population genetic distance of Lempuk fish is low at 0.00%. Genetic distance between the population of Lempuk fish is relatively high with G. brachypterus from Malaysia of 22.4%, Central Java of 21.5%, and India of 21.4% and with G. lacustris from Malaysia of 22.5%, the Philippines of 21.6% %, Thailand of 19.7%, and with G. chuno and G. semivestitus of 21.2% and 23.6% accordingly. The phylogenetic study obtained showed the formation of a separate group that is different between Lempuk fish group and other Gobiopterus fish, supported by a bootsrap value of 99%.

Barbodes binotatus is an endemic species and most dominant freshwater fish in Indonesia. This prelilinary study aimed to calculate genetic differences of the species from three different rivers in Java island. A total of 90 specimens were collected from each river and a total of 26 sequences were analyzed using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) region Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI). BLAST analysis showed > 97 % similarity of B. binotatus with another research. The result of sequence analysis showed that B. binotatus from Central Java were not significantly different from B. binotatus from East Java, and B. binotatus from West Java were significantly different from two others. The genetic differences of B. binotatus from three locations were observed in five basepair (335 bp, 399 bp,449 bp, 497 bp, and 545 bp). The result of population structure analysis showed an FST value of 1.00. It suggested that there was genetic differentiation between populations of Pasuruan, Yogyakarta and Cirebon. Inter-location analysis requires to be done to confirm the genetic differences from another regions.

B. megaterium is a potential bacterial species to be recommended as a probiotic which has been tested to have beneficial effects for fish. Vegetative cells availability is not only influenced by culture media composition but is also affected by environmental conditions such as temperature and pH. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and pH combination on vegetative cell production and growth rate of B. megaterium. This study used a combination of temperature treatment (37, 44 and 51 °C) and pH (4, 7 and 10) to produce B. megaterium planted in wheat flour (Triticum aestivum) media. Results showed that the highest vegetative density was found at 37 °C and pH of 10 as much as 11 x 108 cells. mL−1 with a growth rate of 0.65 hour−1. In addition, the morphology of bacteria from this study presented the length and width of B. megaterium at 2.44 – 3.82 µm and 1.11 – 1.31 µm, respectively.