The effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) powder as prebiotic agent on yoghurt quality AIP Conference Proceedings 1844, 030006 (2017) Abstract. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of β-Glucan (laminaran) of LAE and LME extracts from brown algae Sargassum crassifolium using HPMS and Ultrasonication against Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli). The highest antibacterial activities of LME extract obtained using the HPMS method against Gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis and S. aureus) were at 18:10 and 18.80 mm. The ultrasonication method showed a lower inhibition trend than the HPMS method, with MIC and MBC values of 250 mg/ml and 2-8 CFU/ml, respectively, in all Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The results showed that LME extract at a concentration of 250 mg/mL is bacteriostatic against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the prebiotic activity based on the change in cell biomass of the probiotic strain after 24 hours growth in the presence of Laminaran from Sargassum crassifolium with the methods of Laminaran Acid Extract (LAE) and Laminaran Modified Extract (LME), inulin, or glucose-relative against the change in cell biomass of Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 grown under the same condition. Prebiotic activity was calculated for L. plantarum FNCC 0051 and Bifidobacterium longum FNCC 1081. The results showed that the increasing cell number of L. plantarum was higher in both substrates LAE and LME (0.58 and 2.03 log cycle), whereas that of B. longum was lower. The higher prebiotic activity score obtained for L. plantarum and B. longum grown on LME were positive (0.26 and 0.96 log cycle), whereas the lowest score was for L. plantarum and B. longum grown on LAE, which were negative (-0.35 and -0.31 log cycle), but the higher prebiotic activity score was obtained for inulin (4.08 and 4.78 log cycle). It could be concluded that Laminaran Modified Extract (LME) had potential as prebiotic source, but its potential was lower than inulin.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, Sargassum crassifolium which was extracted by using two different methods, β-glucan laminaran acid extract (LAE) and laminaran modified extract (LME).Methods: β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, S. crassifolium have been extracted using two different methods, namely, β-glucan LAE and LME. The edema reducing activity of the extracts was investigated with carrageenan- induced leg edema male of Rattus norvegicus as a model.Results: The swelling of edema was strongly inhibited by the treatment of LME with a percentage of 81.62% after 3rd hr. It also found that the size of edema were inhibited by all treatments with the value ranging from 25.49% to 81.68%. Smallest edema size was found on LME treatment, with a size of 0.68±0.09 mm where the control was about 0.92 mm. Furthermore, all β-glucan-treated mice showed lower edema size compared to control.Conclusion: It was obvious that all type of laminaran had anti-inflammatory activity. LME is the best method for production of β-glucan (laminaran) with high anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, in this study, we reported a new anti-inflammatory agent derived from S. crassifolium.
Telah dilakukan penelitian aplikasi gum arab dan dekstrin sebagai pengikat protein terlarut dari ekstrak kepala udang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan proporsi terbaik dari penambahan gum arab dan dekstrin pada pembuatan bubuk protein sebagai bahan suplementasi nutrisi. Gum arab dan dekstrin yang ditambahkan ialah sebanyak 8% (b/v), dengan empat perlakuan proporsi yang berbeda yaitu 1:0,5; 1:1,75; 1:3; dan 1:4,25. Parameter yang diamati untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan kimia hasil ekstraksi meliputi kadar nitrogen terlarut, kadar nitrogen amino, kadar nitrogen non protein, kadar protein kasar, kadar air, kelarutan, dan rendemen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan terbaik adalah penambahan gum arab dan dekstrin dengan perbandingan 1:0,5. Produk memiliki kadar nitrogen terlarut 0,55%, kadar nitrogen amino 2,35%, kadar nitrogen non protein 2,62%, kadar protein kasar 33,20%, kadar air 5,67%, kelarutan 99,15% dan rendemen 5,04%. Produk ini memenuhi kebutuhan jenis asam amino yang disyaratkan ada pada pangan anak usia 10-14 tahun yang di tetapkan oleh FAO. Produk ini juga memiliki sifat kelarutan yang bagus sebagai bubuk karena kelarutannya diatas 95%.
Shrimp wastes produced by manufacturers are mostly limited to be utilized by small industries. They only can turn the waste into chips and shrimp pastes even though it can be used as chitosan. The scarcity of shrimp waste utilized as chitosan is often constrained due to the lack of chitosan dissolve in water caused by the length of the molecular chain. In order to optimize the chitosan utilization, depolymerization is used; such as using H2O2. Chitosan depolymerization enables chitosan to be water soluble and has a high antibacterial ability, which can be applied as an antiseptic of hand sanitizer which has been derived from synthetic materials. The used method is an experimental method which includes the processing of making water-soluble chitosan with test parameters of deacetylation, solubility, moisture content, and yield. Furthermore, the manufacture of hand sanitizers is carried out in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that water-soluble chitosan can be made at 13% H2O2 concentration at 40°C with deacetylation degree 94.21%, 90% solubility, 10.60% moisture content and 3.5% yield. Moreover, after becoming a hand sanitizer, it was able to inhibit Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at concentrations of 120 mg/ml, respectively 19.53 mm and 21.12 mm, which were relatively strong. Resulted in MIC values 0.28% and 0.27%, and MBC values 1.12% and 1.08%, and also without causing irritation or edema on mouse skin.
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