Barneby são registradas pela primeira vez para a flora do Estado. São apresentadas chave analítica, descrições e ilustrações para as espécies. Além disso, são fornecidos dados sobre a distribuição geográfica, hábitat, nomes vulgares e importância econômica das espécies estudadas.Palavras-chave: Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae, Senna, taxonomia, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil ABSTRACT -(The genus Senna (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil). This paper presents a taxonomic study of the species of the genus Senna occurring in Rio Grande do Sul State, Southern Brazil. Nineteen species were found and the occurences of Senna aphylla (Cav.) H
RESUMO -(Aspectos fitogeográficos das espécies de Crotalaria L. (Leguminosae, Faboideae) na Região Sul do Brasil). São discutidos aspectos fitogeográficos de Crotalaria L. (Leguminosae) na Região Sul do Brasil. O gênero possui distribuição pantropical, sendo que no sul do Brasil apresenta nove espécies nativas e sete introduzidas. As espécies nativas de Crotalaria ocorrem nas províncias biogeográficas Paranaense, Atlântica e Pampeana. A distribuição geográfica das espécies do gênero ao longo dos três Estados da região mostra um gradiente latitudinal de diversidade florística decrescente do Paraná para o Rio Grande do Sul. A região no Paraná compreendida entre 49º-50º W e 24º-26º S é a que apresenta a maior diversidade de espécies. Palavras-chave: fitogeografia, Crotalaria, sul do BrasilABSTRACT -(Phytogeographic aspects of the Crotalaria L. species (Leguminosae, Faboideae) in Southern Brazil). Phytogeographic aspects of Crotalaria L. (Leguminosae) in southern Brazil are discussed. The genus presents pantropical distribution, with nine native species and seven introduced ones in southern Brazil. The species of Crotalaria occur on the Paranaense, Atlântica and Pampeana biogeographic provinces. The geographic distribution of the species along the three states in southern Brazil shows a decreasing latitudinal gradient of floristic diversity from Paraná to Rio Grande do Sul. The region of Paraná State, between the 49º-50º W and 24º -26º S, presents the greatest diversity of species.
Chromosome numbers were counted for 23 species of Crotalaria native to Brazil. Among these data there were new counts for 15 taxa, and some confirmed previous reports or represented numbers that were different from those cited previously. The chromosome numbers most frequently found were 2 n = 16 and 2 n = 32. Only C. incana L. had 2 n = 14 and C. tweediana Benth. had 2 n = 54. The counts 2 n = 32 and 54 were found in species of section Calycinae and 2 n = 16 and 14 in species of section Chrysocalycinae . The data revealed the importance of chromosomal parameters in the characterization of sections Calycinae and Chrysocalycinae in Brazil. We discuss the systematic significance and evolutionary aspects for the genus, comparing the results with the two sections that are native in Brazil.
RESUMO -(Diversidade de Leguminosae em uma área de savana estado de Roraima, Brasil). Leguminosae é considerada a família mais diversa nas savanas de Roraima, que são as maiores áreas de savana da Amazônia brasileira. Este trabalho tem como objetivos fornecer uma listagem fl orística e analisar os padrões de distribuição geográfi ca dos táxons de Leguminosae encontrados em uma área de savana em Boa Vista, Roraima (02º52´07´´N; 60º43´03´´W). Foram registrados 80 táxons distribuídos em 38 gêneros. Seis táxons são novos registros para a fl ora de Roraima. Os gêneros que apresentaram o maior número de espécies foram Aeschynomene e Chamaecrista, cada um com sete espécies. Leguminosae-Papilionoideae foi a subfamília mais diversa em número de gêneros (24) e de táxons infragenéricos (53). A análise da distribuição geográfi ca revelou a predominância de táxons com padrão neotropical. A área estudada representa um sítio diverso em táxons de Leguminosae, pois concentra cerca de 87% da diversidade citada para a família nas savanas de Roraima. Palavras-chave: fi togeografi a, Guayana, levantamento fl orístico, Leguminosae ABSTRACT -(Leguminosae diversity in a savanna area of Roraima, Brazil). Leguminosae is the most diverse family in the savannas of Roraima, which are the largest savanna areas in the Brazilian Amazon. This paper presents a fl oristic survey and an analysis of the geographic distribution patterns of Leguminosae taxa in a savanna area at Boa Vista, Roraima (02º52´07´´N; 60º43´03´´W). The survey identifi ed 80 taxa belonging to 38 genera. Six taxa are new records for the fl ora of Roraima. The best-represented genera were Aeschynomene and Chamaecrista, both with seven species each. LeguminosaePapilionoideae was the most diverse subfamily based on the number of genera (24) and infrageneric taxa (53). The phytogeographical analysis revealed predominance of taxa with a Neotropical distribution. The savanna site analyzed represents a legume diverse area, because it concentrates 87% of legume diversity referred for the savannas of Roraima.
RESUMO(Morfologia de plântulas das espécies de Rhynchosia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) de Roraima, Brasil). Este trabalho tem como objetivos descrever, ilustrar e comparar a morfologia de plântulas das quatro espécies de Rhynchosia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) ocorrentes no estado de Roraima, Brasil. Todas as espécies estudadas, R. phaseoloides (SW.) DC., R. melanocarpa Grear, R. minima (L.) DC., e R. schomburgkii Benth. apresentam plântulas cripto-hipógeo--armazenadoras, eofilos do primeiro nó 1-foliolados, opostos e com estípulas duplas e livres entre si. Os resultados mostram que a diversidade morfológica encontrada nas plântulas das espécies estudadas permite identificá-las em nível específico. As espécies podem ser distintas entre si pela morfologia da lâmina e comprimento das estípulas do primeiro nó eofilar, bem como pelo número de folíolos e forma e venação das estípulas dos eofilos subseqüentes. Além disso, o trabalho discute a variação morfológica nas plântulas de Rhynchosia e esclarece informações discordantes na literatura sobre plântulas de R. minima e R. phaseoloides.Palavras-chave: Fabaceae, Phaseoleae, desenvolvimento pós-seminal, planta juvenil ABSTRACT (Seedling morphology of Rhynchosia species (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) from Roraima, Brazil). This paper aims to describe, illustrate and compare the seedling morphology of the four species of Rhynchosia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) that occur in Roraima, Brazil. The studied species, R. phaseoloides (SW.) DC., R. melanocarpa Grear, R. minima (L.) DC., and R. schomburgkii Benth., possess crypto-hypogeal-reserve seedlings, eophylls at the first node that are 1-foliolate and opposite, and double and free stipules. The results show that morphological diversity found among seedlings of the studied species can be used to identify them at the specific level. Rhynchosia species are distinguishable from each other mainly by blade morphology and stipule length at the first eophyll node, as well as by the number of leaflets, shape and venation of the stipules of subsequent eophylls. This work also discusses the morphological variation found in Rhynchosia, and elucidates disparate data in the literature on seedlings of R. minima and R. phaseoloides.
We carried out a comparative morphological study to evaluate the taxonomic value of seed and seedling traits of Entada polystachya and E. simplicata (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae, Mimoseae). Seeds of both species were collected from wild populations in Roraima State, Brazil. Our results show consistent quantitative and qualitative differences between these species regarding their seeds and seedlings. Testa fracture lines, funiculus impression, lens characters, radicle shape and length, and cotyledon lobes length, seedling morphology group, number of pinnae at first node, and hypocotyl length permit a straightforward distinction of E. polystachya from E. simplicata, supporting a recent treatment of the latter taxon as a distinct species, endemic to Roraima State, northern Amazonia, Brazil. KEYWORDS: Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, embryo, post-seminal development, testa Relevância taxonômica da morfologia de sementes e plântulas em duas espécies amazônicas de Entada (Leguminosae) RESUMOEste trabalho apresenta um estudo morfológico comparativo para avaliar o valor taxonômico de caracteres de semente e plântula de Entada polystachya e E. simplicata (Leguminosae, Mimosoideae, Mimoseae). As sementes de ambas as espécies foram coletadas de populações no Estado de Roraima, Brasil. Os resultados evidenciaram consistentes diferenças qualitativas e quantitativas entre estas espécies, com relação as suas sementes e plântulas. Linhas de fratura na testa, impressão do funículo, caracteres da lente, forma e comprimento da radícula e comprimento dos lobos dos cotilédones, grupo morfológico de plântula, número de pinas no primeiro nó eofilar e comprimento do hipocótilo permitem uma separação entre E. polystachya e E. simplicata, providenciando apoio a um recente reconhecimento do último táxon como uma espécie distinta, endêmica no Estado de Roraima, Norte da Amazônia, Brasil. Taxonomic relevance of seed and seedling morphology in two Amazonian species of Entada (Leguminosae)
The shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora.
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