Health literacy, a more complex concept than knowledge, is a required capacity to obtain, understand, integrate and act on health information [1], in order to enhance individual and community health, which is defined by different levels, according to the autonomy and personal capacitation in decision making [2]. Medium levels of Health literacy in an adolescent population were found in a study conducted in 2013/2014, being higher in sexual and reproductive health and lower in substance use. It was also noticed that the higher levels of health literacy were in the area adolescents refer to have receipt more health information. The health literacy competence with higher scores was communication skills, and the lower scores were in the capacity to analyze factors that influence health. Higher levels were also found in younger teenagers, but in a higher school level, confirming the importance of health education in these age and development stage. Adolescents seek more information in health professionals and parents, being friends more valued as a source information in older adolescents, which enhance the importance of peer education mainly in older adolescents [3]. As a set of competences based on knowledge, health literacy should be developed through education interventions, encompassing the cultural and social context of individuals, since the society, culture and education system where the individual is inserted can define the way the development and enforcement of the health literacy competences [4]. The valued sources of information should be taken into account, as well as needs of information in some topics referred by adolescents in an efficient health education. Schizophrenia is a serious and chronic mental illness which has a profound effect on the health and well-being related with the well-known nature of psychotic symptoms. The exercise has the potential to improve the life of people with schizophrenia improving physical health and alleviating psychiatric symptoms. However, most people with schizophrenia remains sedentary and lack of access to exercise programs are barriers to achieve health benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of exercise on I) the type of intervention in mental health, II) in salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol and serum levels of S100B and BDNF, and on III) the quality of life and selfperception of the physical domain of people with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 31 females in long-term institutions in the Casa de Saúde Rainha Santa Isabel, with age between 25 and 63, and with diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Physical fitness was assessed by the six-minute walk distance test (6MWD). Biological variables were determined by ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Psychological variables were assessed using SF-36, PSPP-SCV, RSES and SWLS tests. Walking exercise has a positive impact on physical fitness (6MWD -p = 0.001) and physical components of the psychological test...
Objetivo: analisar a busca de homens pelos serviços de Atenção Básica à Saúde e sua relação com a construção social das masculinidades. Método: estudo descritivo desenvolvido com dez homens usuários de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de um município da Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos em entrevista semiestruturada e os resultados submetidos à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: emergiram três categorias: A busca tardia pelos serviços de Atenção Básica à Saúde; O cuidado e o autocuidado como atributo feminino e; Virilidade, força e honraconstruindo as masculinidades nos discursos. Nos discursos, as construções sociais das masculinidades repercutem na busca dos homens pelos serviços de saúde. Conclusão: os homens buscam tardiamente os serviços da Atenção Básica à Saúde e consideram o cuidado como um atributo feminino, o que evidencia a repercussão das construções sociais das masculinidades nessa busca.
Objetivo: refletir a partir de uma análise sociohistórica como a pandemia do novo Coronavírus no Brasil pode afetar a saúde de homens. Método: estudo de reflexão teórica apoiado na referencial teórico proposto por Charles Rosenberg que possibilita analisar a doença epidêmica a partir do surgimento de fenômenos/características definidoras próprias. Resultados: são apresentadas considerações sobre as características da doença epidêmica sob o prisma de enquadramento, os elementos definidores emergidos em uma pandemia e o modo como tem atingido homens brasileiros em sua vivência sociocultural. Implicações: o conhecimento sociohistórico de pandemia possibilita a identificação de fenômenos atuais da pandemia do SARS-Cov-2 na vivência de homens brasileiros, o que permite aprofundar as investigações sociais sobre a doença, transmissibilidade, potencial de letalidade, impactos biopsicossociais, redirecionar práticas sanitárias, educação em saúde e instrumentalizar profissionais envolvidos no enfrentamento.
Objective: to analyze male criminals' perception about marital violence. Method: An exploratory, descriptive, qualitative study undertaken with 23 men who were criminally prosecuted for marital violence. A multimethod data collection was conducted, with individual interview and focal group techniques combined, between May and December 2015. The data collected were initially categorized using the NVIVO® 11 software program, and then organized using the Collective Subject Discourse method. Results: the collective discourses reveal that, in the male's perception, conjugal violence is inherent in a marital relationships: it is a private, reciprocal problem that leaves body marks. Conclusion: gender dissymmetry as a social construct is evidenced, signaling the need to create spaces for refl ection and re-signifi cation of men and women, from a gender perspective. Descriptors: Domestic Violence; Intimate Partner Violence; Genre; Masculinities; Public Health. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a percepção de homens em processo criminal sobre a violência conjugal. Método: Estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo, com 23 homens acionados criminalmente por violência conjugal. Os dados foram coletados por multimétodos, tendo como técnicas de coleta a entrevista individual e o grupo focal, entre o período de maio a dezembro de 2015. Os dados coletados foram inicialmente categorizados com auxílio do software NVIVO® 11 e, em seguida, organizados de acordo com o método do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: os discursos coletivos revelam que, na percepção masculina, a violência conjugal é natural na relação conjugal; um problema do âmbito privado; recíproca; e deixa marcas corporais. Conclusão: evidencia-se a dissimetria de gênero como constructo social, sinalizando para a necessidade da criação de espaços de refl exão e ressignifi cação de homens e mulheres, na perspectiva de gênero. Descritores: Violência Doméstica; Violência por Parceiro Íntimo; Gênero; Masculinidades; Saúde Pública. RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la percepción de hombres en proceso criminal sobre la violencia conyugal. Método: Estudio cualitativo exploratorio-descriptivo, con 23 hombres accionados criminalmente por violencia conyugal. Los datos fueron colectados por multimedios, teniendo como técnicas de colecta la entrevista individual y el grupo focal, entre el período de mayo a diciembre de 2015. Los datos colectados fueron inicialmente categorizados con auxilio del software NVIVO® 11 y, en seguida, organizados de acuerdo con el método del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados: los discursos colectivos revelan que, en la percepción masculina, la violencia conyugal es natural en la relación conyugal; un problema del ámbito privado; recíproca; y deja marcas corporales. Conclusión: se evidencia la disimetría del género como constructo social, señalando para la necesidad de la creación de espacios de refl exión y resignifi cación de hombres y mujeres, en la perspectiva de género.
Introduction Little is known about how sheltering in place to contain the spread of COVID-19 over extended periods affects individuals’ psychological well-being. This study’s objective was to analyze the factors associated with MSM’s (men who have sex with men) low psychological well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted online across Brazil (26 states and federal district) in April and May 2020. The participants were recruited using snowball sampling and Facebook posts. Data were collected using social media and MSM dating apps. We estimated the prevalence, crude prevalence ratio (PR), and the respective confidence intervals (CI95%). Results The prevalence of low psychological well-being found in the sample was 7.9%. Associated factors were belonging to the youngest group (PR 2.76; CI95% 1.90–4.01), having polyamorous relationships (PR 2.78; CI95% 1.51–5.11), not complying with social isolation measures (PR 6.27; CI95% 4.42–8.87), not using the social media to find partners (PR 1.63; CI95% 1.06–2.53), having multiple sexual partners (PR 1.80; CI95% 1.04–3.11), having reduced the number of partners (PR 2.67; CI95% 1.44–4.95), and group sex (PR 1.82; CI95% 1.23–2.69) Conclusion The well-being of MSM living in Brazil was negatively affected during the social distancing measures intended to control the spread of COVID-19. The variables that contributed the most to this outcome include social isolation, relationships established with partners, and sexual behavior. Policy Implications Planning and implementing public policies and actions to promote psychological well-being are needed to improve MSM’s resilience by adopting safe strategies and behavior.
Objetivo: refletir sobre a aplicação do Processo de Enfermagem na organização do cuidado profissional no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil. Método: estudo de reflexão teórica apoiado na Resolução Cofen nº 358/2009 que dispõe sobre o Processo de Enfermagem. Resultados: são apresentadas considerações sobre a aplicabilidade do Processo de Enfermagem direcionado pelo saber/fazer profissional da equipe de enfermagem sob a liderança da enfermeira. Conclusão: o Processo de Enfermagem se mostra essencial na organização da prática profissional da enfermeira possibilitando sistematizar as ações no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no cenário nacional, subsidiar o registro dos achados clínicos de enfermagem, que possibilitarão gerar dados epidemiológicos, além de refletir o pensamento crítico-reflexivo da enfermeira.Descritores: Cuidados de Enfermagem; Processo de Enfermagem; Teoria de Enfermagem; Pandemias; Infecções por Coronavírus. REFLECTIONS ON THE NURSING PROCESS IN THE WORK OF NURSES IN FRONT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICObjective: To reflect on the application of the Nursing Process in the organization of professional care in coping with Covid-19 in Brazil. Method: Theoretical reflection study supported by Resolution COFEN nº 358/2009, which provides for the Nursing Process. Results: Considerations arepresented about the applicability of the Nursing Process guided by the professional knowledge/practice of the nursing team under the leadership of the nurse. Conclusion: The Nursing Process proves to be essential in the organization of professional nursing practice, making it possible to systematize actions in the fight against Covid-19in the national scenario, to subsidize the registration of clinical nursing findings, which will make it possible to generate epidemiological data, in addition to reflecting the thinking critical-reflective of the nurse.Descriptors: Nursing Care; Nursing Process; Nursing Theory; Pandemics; Coronavirus Infections. REFLEXIONES SOBRE EL PROCESO DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL TRABAJO DE ENFERMERAS FRENTE A LA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre la aplicación del Proceso de Enfermería en la organización de la atención profesional para hacer frente a Covid-19en Brasil. Método: Estudio de reflexión teórica respaldado por la Resolución Cofen nº 358/2009, que prevé el Proceso de Enfermería. Resultados: Se presentan consideraciones sobre la aplicabilidad del Proceso de Enfermería guiado por el conocimiento/práctica profesional del equipo de enfermería bajo el liderazgo de la enfermera. Conclusión: El Proceso de Enfermería demuestra ser esencial en la organización de la práctica profesional de enfermería, permitiendo sistematizar acciones en la lucha contra Covid-19 en el escenario nacional, para subsidiar el registro de hallazgos clínicos de enfermería, lo que permitirá generar datos epidemiológicos, además de reflejar el pensamiento. crítico-reflexivo de la enfermera.Descriptores: Atención de Enfermería; Proceso de Enfermería; Teoría de Enfermería; Pandemias; Infecciones por Coronavírus.
Resumo Objetivo Desvelar o abuso intrafamiliar vivenciado na infância de homens em processo criminal por violência conjugal. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, fundamentado no referencial teórico proposto por Walter Benjamin. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com 23 homens que estavam respondendo judicialmente por violência conjugal em uma Vara de Violência Doméstica e Familiar contra Mulher da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, as quais foram categorizadas com o apoio do Software Nvivo-11 e organizadas através do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados As falas evidenciaram uma infância marcada pela falta de afeto, vivência de violência física e psicológica, expressa pelas marcas corporais, cárcere privado e amedrontamento, bem como o testemunho da violência conjugal entre os pais. Ao tempo que aponta para o trauma dessa vivência, o estudo alerta que o sujeito coletivo percebe-se reproduzindo, em sua relação conjugal, as mesmas atitudes paternas. Conclusão A experiência de uma infância marcada por violência intrafamiliar sinaliza o caráter intergeracional da violência doméstica, refletida nas relações conjugais abusivas.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (VH) has caused concerns due to the possible fluctuations that may occur directly impacting the control of the pandemic. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with COVID-19 VH in Portuguese-speaking countries. We developed a web survey (N:6,843) using an online, structured, and validated questionnaire. We used Measurement Models, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Exploratory Structural Equation Models, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis for the data analysis. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 VH in Portuguese-speaking countries was 21.1%. showed a statistically significant direct effect for VH: vaccine-related conspiracy beliefs (VB) (β = 0.886), perceived stress (PS) (β = 0.313), COVID-19 Misinformation (MIS) (β = 0.259) and individual responses to COVID-19 (CIR) (β = −0.122). The effect of MIS and CIR for VH was greater among men and of PS and VB among women; the effect of PS was greater among the youngest and of VB and CIR among the oldest. No discrepant differences were identified in the analyzed education strata. In conclusion, we found that conspiracy beliefs related to the vaccine strongly influence the decision to hesitate (not to take or to delay the vaccine). Specific characteristics related to gender, age group, social and cognitive vulnerabilities, added to the knowledge acquired, poorly substantiated and/or misrepresented about the COVID-19 vaccine, need to be considered in the planning of vaccination campaigns. It is necessary to respond in a timely, fast, and accurate manner to the challenges posed by vaccine hesitancy.
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