Assessment of ocular torsion via fundus examination is an important tool for diagnosis and management of cyclorotational disorders. The widely used disc-macula relationship for quantification of ocular torsion possesses inherent limitations, which restricts its use in some clinical scenarios. An accessory technique of fundus examination for assessing torsion is hereby proposed using vascular cues. Retinal blood vessels share common guidance signals with ganglion cell axons and are now recognised to follow retinal axonal pathways. Identification of the axis of the retinal vascular arcades can serve as a direct and accessory means to provide additional pertinent information regarding ocular cyclorotations.
Marcus Gunn jaw winking synkinesis (MGJWS) occurs due to an aberrant innervation of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle by a branch of the motor division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies the muscles of mastication. MGJWS is mostly unilateral occurring in isolation and is less frequently associated with ocular or systemic abnormalities. Although MGJWS is mostly unilateral, few bilateral cases have been reported. Here we describe a rare case of bilateral MGJWS in an 18 year-old male patient with asymmetric bilateral ptosis and monocular elevation deficiency in the right eye.
The procedures used mainly for correction of AHP in INS do yield significant improvement in the visual acuity. This improvement is seen in patients undergoing surgery for both horizontal and vertical AHP.
In this communication is reported a neonate with Yunis Varon syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, born to a consanguineously married couple who had microcephaly, wide cranial sutures, prominent eyes, hypertelorism, dysplastic ears, sparse hairs, cupid bow like upper lip with median pseudocleft and labio-gingival retraction. Bilateral hypoplasia of thumbs, absent great toes, short phalanges were other features. Additional features in this case included median pseudocleft unreported earlier and C.T. findings of underdeveloped gyri, ischemic changes in temperoparietal region and bilateral lacunar infarcts in middle cerebral artery territory.
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