Screening of 1986 consecutive Dve births was done for evidence of Respiratory Distress by administering Downe's scoring in a prospective study at level n nursery of a medical coUege. A detaUed antenatal, natal and postnatal history along with detaUed examination supported by relevant investigations was carried out to arrive at the etiological diagnosis of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).Results: 48 newborns developed RDS during the observation period. The incidence of RDS was 2.42%. Out of these 40.4% were

Background: Effective breastfeeding (BF) is a function of proper positioning and attachment of a child to mother's breast. However, there is paucity of data on mothers' skills of positioning and attachment of baby and effectiveness of educating the same in the initial days of hospital stay. Objectives:To assess the effectiveness of educating the postnatal mothers who were feeding with incorrect positioning and attachment on the correct BF technique and to identify the mothers needing support and the factors affecting them. Method:A study was done in a tertiary care hospital attached to Mysore Medical College, India, from May to September 2015. Three hundred and fifty five mothers in postnatal wards were observed when they were feeding the babies for the BF technique as per Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illnesses guideline. All mothers who performed the technique wrongly were educated about the correct technique. These mothers were assessed again at the time of discharge by the same observer.Results: On initial observation, 67% mothers had correct positioning and 53% babies had correct attachment. However, only 43% mothers and babies had both correct positioning and attachment while BF. After the intervention, more than 97% of mothers were able to attach their babies well and 98% were able to position their babies correctly (p<0.0001). Infant's whole body not being well supported by mother was found to be one of the principal factors of incorrect positioning to the breast. Age, education and parity were significantly associated with mothers ___________________________________________

In this communication is reported a neonate with Yunis Varon syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, born to a consanguineously married couple who had microcephaly, wide cranial sutures, prominent eyes, hypertelorism, dysplastic ears, sparse hairs, cupid bow like upper lip with median pseudocleft and labio-gingival retraction. Bilateral hypoplasia of thumbs, absent great toes, short phalanges were other features. Additional features in this case included median pseudocleft unreported earlier and C.T. findings of underdeveloped gyri, ischemic changes in temperoparietal region and bilateral lacunar infarcts in middle cerebral artery territory.

It is the most common cardiovascular disorder, posing a major public health problem of the world and especially to the population in socioeconomic and epidemiological transition. [1] It is one of the major and independent risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCD) such as cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and cardiac and renal failure. [2] The recent WHO report states that considering the prevalence of any diseases, hypertension ranks fourth in the world. [3] As it is hidden beneath an

Background: Diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in children is based on clinical suspicion and prompting laboratory criteria.Methods: This prospective study in children (6 months-14 years) presenting with features of DHF aimed to identify symptoms and signs, laboratory parameters for in early detection and assessed the association between clinical, laboratory, immunological parameters and outcome.Results: Of 50 children, 26 were females, mean±SD age was 8.3±3.02 years; age group 8-12 years were affected the most (38.0%) and infants the least (4.0%). Fever (100%), followed by skin rash (56.0%), myalgia (52.0%) and head ache (48.0%) were the symptoms. Fever of 4-5 days (52.0%), high grade fever (84.0%) and of sudden onset (76.0%) were common. Ascitis was seen in nine. Peteche and malena (48.0%) were predominant manifestation of bleeding tendency (100%). Positive tourniquet test (48.0%) did not correlate with bleeding tendency. Lower levels of Hemoglobin (<12gms%, 100%), hematocrit (<40%, 98.0%), platelet count (<100000/mm3, 100%), serum albumin (76.0%), and abnormal liver enzymes (64.0%) along with prolonged prothrombin time (44.0%) and aPTT (18.05%) were noted. Ultrasound abdomen confirmed Pleural effusion (52.0%), ascitis (22.0%), Hepatomegaly (68.0%). Mean detection time was 4 days. Positive dengue IgM and IgG (60.0%), IgM (16%), and IgG (24%) were observed with increase of IgM in early phase.Conclusions: lower platelet count, raising haematocrit, increased liver enzymes with low serum albumin levels are early indicators. Prolonged PT and APTT are associated with severe bleeding manifestations. Apart from clinical expertise, chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasonogram are useful diagnostic tools.

A 17-yr-old boy presented with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to sequelae of intrauterine infection with Toxoplasma Gondii. Neuroendocrine manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis are especially uncommon. It is our attempt to stress the importance of endocrine monitoring for early recognition of treatable sequelae. This may help to improve the quality of life in these patients.

INTRODUCTIONIndia is experiencing a rapid health transition, with large and rising burdens of chronic diseases, which were estimated to account for 53% of all deaths in 2005. Earlier estimates projected that the number of deaths attributable to chronic diseases would rise from 3·78 million in 1990 (40·4% of all deaths) to 7·63 million in 2020 (66·7% of all deaths).1 Many of these deaths occur at relatively early ages. Compared with all other countries, India suffers the highest loss in potentially productive years of life, due to deaths from cardiovascular disease in people aged 35 -64 years (9·2 million years lost in 2000). By 2030, this loss is expected to rise to 17·9 million years -940% greater than the corresponding loss in the USA, which has a population a third the size of India's. Obesity is one of the important risk factors for non-communicable diseases.2 One of the commonest expressions of unhealthy diet, often combined with lack of physical activity, is obesity. Obesity is a most prevalent malnutrition all over the world. It is characterized by abnormal growth of adipose tissue. Indeed, we are amidst an epidemic of obesity. Obesity is arbitrarily considered to be present when the fat content of the body is greater than 25% of body mass in men and 30% in women.2,4 Over the past two decades there has been a dramatic rise in the prevalence of obesity throughout the world. It is estimated by the WHO that ABSTRACT Background: Obesity is a most prevalent malnutrition all over the world. It is estimated by the WHO that globally, over 1 billion (16%) adults are overweight and 300 million of these (5%) are obese. The highest rise in the number of obese is noted in the countries with fast growing economies especially of South East Asia. In India the prevalence of obesity is 12.6% in women and 9.3% in men. In other words, more than a 100 million individuals are obese in India. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of obesity in urban population of Shivamogga. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Urban Shivamogga Study was conducted during February 1st to July 30th 2016 for 6 months. Data was collected from house hold members aged 15-64 years. The calculated sample size was 2000. Subjects were interviewed using a prestructured and pretested questionnaire adopted from WHO STEPS I and II, approaches for non-communicable diseases risk factors surveillance, after modifying to suit the local requirements (questions about Obesity and overweight were considered for study). Results: The prevalence of high BMI among study subjects was nearly fifty percent (45.6%). The prevalence of obesity in the study subjects was 31.6%, the prevalence was more in females (34.9%) compared to males (28.4%). The prevalence of central/ abdominal type of obesity was 41.2%. Conclusions:This community based study demonstrated high prevalence of obesity and overweight among the productive population of urban Shivamogga.

Cutaneous hypersensitivity to 2TU PPD is not comparable to that of 5TU PPD.