A community-based study on prevalence of hypertension in urban Shimoga, Karnataka

Nagendra, Kanchana; Menon, Anirudh K.; Belur, Mangala; Nandini, C

doi:10.5455/ijmsph.2017.1060318112016

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…A significant sex differences in mean blood pressure was observed in the present study with men showing higher increase in blood pressure than women both in rural and urban areas. Consistent with the present findings, studies on other Indian population also shows sex variation in blood pressure reporting males with higher values of blood pressure than their female counterparts (Ghosh et al, 2016;Gopalakrishnan et al, 2017;Nagendra et al, 2017;Nirmala, 2001;Sidhu & Prabhjot, 2007;Simon et al, 2017). According to Reckelhoff (2001), although the causes of sex differences in blood pressure are not clear, there is certain evidence that androgens, such as testosterone, could play an important role in regulating the sex differences in blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Age variation in blood pressure: Rural–urban and sex differences among the Hmar adults of Manipur, Northeast India

Lalnuneng

2021

American J Hum Biol

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Background: Increase in blood pressure (BP) is thought to be an unavoidable consequence of ageing but in secluded communities and in rural areas this is not the case. Aims: The present study aims to examine blood pressure response with age across place of residence and sex; the prevalence of hypertension in relation to place of residence and sex; and to find out the relative importance of biological and behavioural factors as risk factors for hypertension among the Hmar adults (17 to 70 years of age) of Manipur, Northeast India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional sample was collected on 1207Hmars adults residing in rural and urban settings in Manipur, Northeast India. Demographic data, blood pressure, height, weight and behavioural factors were collected.Results: Blood pressure significantly increases with an increasing age and this trend is more pronounced in urban settings compared to rural settings. The overall prevalence of hypertension in the present study is about 21 per cent. Urban Hmar males, rural and urban Hmar females who are ≥ 45 years of age show significantly higher risk of developing hypertension compared to their counterparts who are < 45 years of age, but the same is not observed in Hmar males from rural areas. Males show significantly higher odds of developing hypertension compared to females in both the settings. Obesity is the strongest predictor of hypertension in both the place of residence and sexes. Discussion and Conclusion:The present study confirms that population blood pressure does not show a marked increase with increasing age in traditional/rural areas which is clearly perceptible in Hmar men. It also strengthen the case that urban residence, men, increasing age and overweight and/or obese significantly increases the odds of developing hypertension.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Age variation in blood pressure: Rural–urban and sex differences among the Hmar adults of Manipur, Northeast India

Lalnuneng

2021

American J Hum Biol

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“…More specifically, females have shown greater vulnerability to develop obesity and central adiposity. Males, on the other hand, were found to be more susceptible to hypertension, which was also reported in earlier studies (Ghosh et al, 2016; Gopalakrishnan et al, 2017; Lalnuneng, 2022; Nagendra et al, 2017; Simon et al, 2017). However, data collected on tribal populations from different regions of India, reported inconsistent results of higher prevalence of hypertension in females (14.0%) than in their counterpart males (9.2%, Kshatriya & Acharya, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Prevalence of hypertension among the indigenous population in North‐East India: Is this a consequence of “nutritional transition”?

Ghosh

Peseyie

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: This article aims to understand the influence of residential status on the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among adult Angami Naga of Nagaland.Methods: A total number of 194 (100 rural and 94 urban) adult Angami Naga participated in the study. Blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, was measured for each participant. Nutritional status was evaluated through body mass index. Metabolic health was measured through waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and percent body fat (%BF). Multiple regression analysis was done to examine the influence of residential status and other bio-social factors on the prevalence of obesity and hypertension.Results: Results indicate high prevalence of systolic hypertension among urban residents, in both males (29.6% Urban vs. 20.4% Rural ; p > .05) and females (17.4% Urban vs. 11.6% Rural ; p > .05), with gender inequality favoring females. Similar trend was observed in diastolic hypertension as well. On the other hand, obesity was found to be greater in rural males (8.3% Urban vs.10.2% Rural ; p = .002), and urban females (11.6% Urban vs. 3.5% Rural ; p > .05). However in % BF, only negligible percentages of urban females (2.3% Urban vs. 0.0% Rural ; p > .05) were found to be moderately overweight or obese and no males were found to be overweight. Further, regression analyzes indicate that age, sex, and residential status are the most important (p < .001) causal factors behind the prevalence of obesity and hypertension among the Angami Naga. Conclusions: It was observed that elderly urban males were the most susceptible section of this community in developing CVD risk factors related vulnerabilities. However, we propose understanding this prevalence from an evolutionary approach of physiological mechanism toward nutritional transition in Angami Naga, like many other indigenous populations of northeast India.

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“…38 The results of the current study are in accordance with the study found that hypertension was more prevalent in males and the prevalence of hypertension increased with age and declined only in the 55-64 years age group. 25 On contrast to the current study, it was reported that physical activity is not a predictors for the occurrence of hypertension in Indian rural areas. 39…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…24 On the other hand, It was found that the prevalence of hypertension in urban India 26.5%. 25 Moreover, a study in Iran 26 stated a prevalence rate of hypertension of 20.1%; of whom self-reported hypertension was 12.3%. This discrepancy in the prevalence rates may be attributed to variation in the sociodemographic characteristics, especially age distribution and residence (urban versus rural) and due to sampling variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Risk Factors, Control and Treatment Adherence of Hypertension: A Community-Based Study In An Egyptian Village

2020

The Egypt. J. of Community Medicine

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Background: Hypertension is common in developing countries and most of its risk factors are preventable. Objective: This study aims to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among rural adults in an Egyptian village. Method: a nested case-control study was carried out in Meet El-Amel village, Aga District, Dakahlia Governorate it was targeting adult subjects aged from 18 years and more, pregnant and lactating women were excluded. The mean age of participants was 44.6±15.9 years. Results: the overall prevalence of hypertension was 31.9%. Multivariate logistic regression model has identified that being a woman (AOR= 46.5), being adherent to drug therapy (AOR= 40.3) and secondary or higher education levels (AOR= 14.8) as the only predictors for controlled hypertension among self-reported hypertensive. Excess salt (AOR= 17.5), smokers (AOR=5.8), obesity (AOR=5.1), high cholesterol (AOR=4.8), those belonging to 40-59 age group (AOR=3.5), low HDL (3.2), positive family history of hypertension (AOR= 3.1), physical inactivity (AOR= 2.9), those ≥ 60 years old (AOR=2.8) and men gender (AOR=2.3) are predictors of newly discovered hypertension. Conclusion: primary prevention of modifiable risk factors of hypertension is crucial.

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A community-based study on prevalence of hypertension in urban Shimoga, Karnataka

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Age variation in blood pressure: Rural–urban and sex differences among the Hmar adults of Manipur, Northeast India

Age variation in blood pressure: Rural–urban and sex differences among the Hmar adults of Manipur, Northeast India

Prevalence of hypertension among the indigenous population in North‐East India: Is this a consequence of “nutritional transition”?

Prevalence, Risk Factors, Control and Treatment Adherence of Hypertension: A Community-Based Study In An Egyptian Village

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