Background:Inflammation represents a pivotal role in the progression of cervical cancer. The hematological markers of inflammation in complete blood count (CBC) panel are potentially useful in determining the prognosis of the disease.Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate whether the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could be used as in predicting the stage of cervical cancer.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional study involving 282 patients with cervical cancer was enrolled at Sanglah General Hospital for five years (2013-2017). The histopathological records and complete blood counts (CBC) of the patients were collected and analyzed using SPSS ver. 16 software. FIGO stage I–II and III-IV were classified as early and advance stage respectively.Results:The median NLR and PLR were significantly higher in the advance stage compared with early stage (7.58 (1.36-33.20) and 247.89 (97.10-707.11); p-value = 0.001). A strong positive correlation was found between the staging of cervical cancer and NLR (r=0.638) and PLR (r=0.668). The AUC, sensitivity, and specificity value of NLR and PLR were 0.803 (82%; 71%) and 0.716 (72%; 70%). Advanced stage of cervical cancer was found in high NLR (adjusted OR: 9.02; 95%CI=2.42-33.64; p=0.001) and PLR (adjusted OR = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.45-4.85; p = 0.032).Conclusion:Increased pretreatment NLR and PLR values may provide a useful information in predicting the staging of cervical cancer.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is still a global health problem. Current T2DM treatments are limited to curing the symptoms and have not been able to restore insulin sensitivity in insulin-sensitive tissues that have become resistant. In the past decade, some studies have shown the significant role of a chaperone family, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), in insulin resistance pathogenesis that leads to T2DM. HSP70 is a cytoprotective molecular chaperone that functions in protein folding and degradation. In general, studies have shown that decreased concentration of HSP70 is able to induce inflammation process through JNK activation, inhibit fatty acid oxidation by mitochondria through mitophagy decrease and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as activate SREBP-1c, one of the lipogenic gene transcription factors in ER stress. The overall molecular pathways are potentially leading to insulin resistance and T2DM. Increased expression of HSP70 in brain tissues is able to improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control specifically. HSP70 modulation-targeting strategies (including long-term physical exercise, hot tub therapy (HTT), and administration of alfalfa-derived HSP70 (aHSP70)) in subjects with insulin resistance are proven to have therapeutic and preventive potency that are promising in T2DM management.
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer tends to respond differently to treatments, which are usually determined by clinicopathological characteristics. Several studies evaluated the role of the peripheral blood test as diagnostic and prognostic markers in several types of solid cancer and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-tolymphocyte ratio (PLR) are two of them which already tested. However, the evidence in breast cancer is still lacking. AIM: Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the value of NLR and PLR as biomarkers concerning breast cancer stage. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using breast cancer patients’ medical records from 2014 to 2019 at Sanglah General Hospital. The histopathological records and complete blood counts of the patients were collected and analyzed risk analysis model, receiver operator characteristics analysis, and correlation of NLR and PLR with cancer staging analysis used correlation test. RESULT: One hundred five patients data were used in this study, with 35 subjects had early-stage breast cancer while 70 subjects had an advanced stage. Breast cancer staging with NLR and PLR showed significant associations (p < 0.001). Both NLR and PLR had area under the curve >0.7 (p < 0.001). The cutoff, sensitivity, and specificity values of NLR and PLR were 2.504 (71%; 70%) and 157.1 (73%; 70%). Advanced stage of breast cancer was mostly found in high NLR and PLR value with (OR: 4.231; CI = 1.791-9.995, p < 0.001) and (OR: 3.949; 95% CI = 1.679–9.287; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: From this preliminary study, pretreatment NLR and PLR values might determine the breast cancer stage. Further research is needed to evaluate the association between grade and patient survival.
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