The adaptation of the animals, either temperate or tropical climate, is mainly related to physiology and its adaptation to the environment. When subjected to different air temperature and air humidity from the usual, these animals found in heat stress difficulty reproduction and production. The endocrine system is one of those responsible for controlling the stress response, and rapid and appropriate growth is one of the elements of greatest economic importance toward meat production, and more producers want to improve, to accelerate the production rate and decreasing production costs. Thus, the aim of this review was to evaluate, through research papers found in the literature, the influence of heat stress on the hormones of growth and reproduction in ruminants. It was observed that even in studies that do not consider the productive performance of the animals, the influence of these parameters is significant in the ambience and the degree of adaptation of the same. However, more research should be conducted in order to evaluate the production of animals of different species under the conditions of different regions, as well as search for alternatives to achieve the best animal production levels, either by finding the best way of introducing exotic breeds, or the possibility of bringing more comfort to the animals in their various productive and reproductive stages.

RESUMO.A utilização de técnicas modernas para aplicação na área da reprodução cresce cada vez mais na medicina veterinária e com isso se fazem necessários estudos que avaliem a eficiência destas técnicas. Devido à localização cortical dos folículos dentro do ovário, a técnica mais adequada para obtenção dos oócitos caninos é o Slicing, o qual apresenta melhores resultados em relação a quantidade de oócitos coletados quando comparado com outras técnicas. Buscou-se com este estudo, verificar a qualidade dos oócitos coletados em ovários de cadelas e gatas com diferentes idades que foram submetidas à procedimento de Ovário Salpingo Histerectomia (OSH) no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande. Os oócitos foram classificados quanto a sua qualidade com relação a morfologia do complexo cumulus oophorus. A idade e a fase estral em que as cadelas e gatas se encontravam no momento da coleta não influenciou na qualidade e quantidade dos oócitos coletados.Palavras chave: cadelas, gatas, reprodução, slicing Obtaining oocytes in puppies and cats submitted to salpingooophorectomyABSTRACT. The use of modern techniques for application in the field of reproduction grows more and more in veterinary medicine and therefore studies are needed to evaluate the efficiency of these techniques. Due to the cortical location of the follicles within the ovary, Slicing is the most adequate technique to obtain canine oocytes, which presents better results in relation to the amount of oocytes collected when compared to other techniques. The aim of this study was to verify the quality of oocytes collected from ovaries of bitches and cats with different ages submitted to the Salpingo Ovary Hysterectomy (OSH) procedure at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The oocytes were classified according to their quality in relation to the morphology of the cumulus oophorus complex. The age and estrus stage in which bitches and cats were at the time of collection did not influence the quality and quantity of oocytes collected.

Black-striped capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) are diurnal omnivores found on the American continent and have the widest geographic distribution of the neotropical primates. 1 Constant deforestation means that these animals migrate to urban centers, becoming targets of predatory hunting and leading to a significant number of specimens in captivity.So that the veterinary physician can intervene efficaciously in the health of these animals, in addition to clinical knowledge, the choice of the chemical immobilization method of the animal, anesthesia and the anesthetic administration route is fundamental to the success of the procedures. 2The association of tiletamine-zolazepam (TZ) has been widely used in wild and exotic animals because it requires a small injection volume, is well absorbed intramuscularly, and has a wide safety margin and permits immobilization to anesthesia with minimum cardiopulmonary effect. 3,4 For most species, 2-5 mg/kg are sufficient to promote anesthesia for minimal procedures, but smaller species require a bigger dose. 2 However, the use of this association is still controversial in some species due to a lack of studies. AbstractBackground: Tiletamine-zolazepam is a widely used as an alternative chemical immobilization method in non-human primates, with a safe application pathway and necessary relaxation. In order to determine the electrocardiographic parameters of Sapajus libidinosus after intramuscular tiletamine-zolazepam administration at the dose of 5 mg/kg, nine animals were submitted to anesthesia. Methods:The interpretation of the electrocardiogram determined: heart rate in bpm and heart rhythm, P wave, P-R interval, R wave, QRS complex, T wave, Q-T interval, corrected QT interval and electrical axis. The mean HR was 206 ± 32 bpm. Results:The majority of the monkeys showed normal sinus rhythm, but one animal showed sinus tachycardia. The most commonly observed electrical axis was between +30° and +90°. Two animals presented bigger alterations in the tracing such as low amplitude QRS and T wave bigger than 1/4 of the R wave. Conclusions:The administration of tiletamine-zolazepam was safe and efficacious, with minimal cardiovascular effects. K E Y W O R D Sanesthesia, electrocardiogram, primate | 155 de LA SALLeS et AL.

Background The aim of study was to evaluate the efficacy of the supraclavicular brachial plexus block technique in Sapajus libidinosus. Methods Were used eight animals, which were sedated, anesthetized, kept under hypnosis, and submitted to plexus block using a neurolocalizer. The physiological parameters, the nociception and response threshold (mA), were evaluated before and after the block. The response to electrical stimulation and cutaneous sensitivity were evaluated. The groups were compared by the Tukey or Friedman test at 5%. Results The technique promoted blockage of the plexus, and movement of the thoracic limb in response to electrical stimulation decreased after 10 minutes. The applied milliampere increased after 5 minutes. The cutaneous sensitivity reflex decreased. The average time of return of spontaneous limb movement exceeded 50 minutes. Conclusions The use of 5mg/kg of lidocaine 2% promoted loss of cutaneous sensitivity and limb muscle relaxation during the evaluation period.

RESUMO.Os macacos-prego da espécie Sapajus libidinosus são conhecidos como os macacos mais robustos e inteligentes do Novo Mundo, e dentre as espécies neotropicais, é a que apresenta maior distribuição geográfica. Devido a isso e também pelo fácil manuseio e a facilidade de reprodução em cativeiro, o gênero vem sendo utilizado em diversas pesquisas, dada a sua proximidade filogenética com a espécie humana, servindo de modelo biológico em experimentos aplicados a essa espécie, com ampla variedade de pesquisas biomédicas. É uma espécie considerada quase ameaçada no Brasil segundo critérios de avaliação do ICMBio (2012ICMBio ( -2014 e o estudo do comportamento animal surge como um meio de pesquisa científica que tem proporcionado importantes contribuições além do estudo do comportamento humano, neurociências, meio ambiente e bem-estar animal, também com a preservação de espécies. Considerando a relevância que a pesquisa do comportamento e biologia animal vem tomando dentro da comunidade científica, esse estudo tem por objetivo uma revisão de literatura acerca da espécie Sapajus libidinosus enfatizando, dentro do tema em questão, sua taxonomia, distribuição geográfica e população, características gerais e adaptações, vida social, alimentação e reprodução.Palavras chave: Cebidae, comportamento animal, preservação de espécies Biological and behavioral aspects of Sapajus libidinosus: ReviewABSTRACT. The black striped capuchin monkey of the species Sapajus libidinosus are known as the most robust and intelligent monkeys of the New World, and of the neotropical species, it is the one that presents greater geographical distribution. Due to this and also because of the easy handling and the ease of reproduction in captivity, the genus has been used in several researches, given its phylogenetic proximity to the human species, serving as a biological model in experiments applied to this species, with a wide variety of Biomedical research. It is a species considered almost threatened in Brazil according to ICMBio (2012ICMBio ( -2014 evaluation criteria and the study of animal behavior emerges as a means of scientific research that has provided important contributions besides the study of human behavior, neurosciences, environment and animal welfare, also With the preservation of species. Considering the relevance of behavioral research and animal biology within the scientific community, this study aims to review the literature on the species Sapajus libidinosus, emphasizing, within the theme, its taxonomy, geographic distribution and population, general characteristics and adaptations, social life, food and reproduction.

Entre as espécies mais predadas, a cutia tem sido notada por ter sofrido uma redução significativa de suas populações, levando-as a serem freqüentemente mantidas em cativeiro. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as categorias comportamentais da cutia em cativeiro, visando contribuir para o estudo de hipóteses sobre a biologia e o manejo desse roedor, bem como analisar a influência dos comportamentos com a sobrevivência e a reprodução das espécies cativas. A pesquisa foi realizada no Núcleo de Estudos e Preservação de Animais Silvestres (NEPAS) da Universidade Federal do Piauí. Foram observadas durante 1860 horas dois grupos de Dasyprocta prymnolopha, sendo o primeiro composto por dois machos, cinco fêmeas e quatro filhotes; e o segundo, por dois machos, sete fêmeas e um filhote, totalizando 21 animais pertencentes a grupos já formados e mantidos em cativeiro no NEPAS. O comportamento dos animais foi registrado manualmente (usando uma prancheta, lápis e cadernos) e, eventualmente, utilizou binóculos para observação detalhada de comportamentos isolados. Encontramos 14 categorias comportamentais, sendo capazes de identificar oito comportamentos distintos: comportamento alimentar; descansar; exploração; cuidados com o corpo; coleta e transporte de material; comportamentos agonísticos; comportamentos reprodutivos e marcação do território. Concluiu-se que as análises comportamentais apresentadas podem trazer contribuições práticas para a adequação das instalações dos animais, bem como a melhoria da gestão, melhorando o bem-estar das cutias em regime cativo.

RESUMO.A doença do disco intervertebral (DDIV) é a causa mais comum de compressão medular em cães, resultando em problemas neurológicos, podendo ser classificada em dois tipos, Hansen tipo I (extrusão de disco) e Hansen tipo II (protrusão de disco), que pressionam os nervos da medula ocasionando quadro de dor, ataxia, paralisia e paraplegia. O tratamento à se indicar deve ser baseado no grau da lesão, podendo ser o tratamento clínico associado à fisioterapia, para casos menos graves, visto que é relatado sucessos na recuperação do quadro, na literatura. O objetivo desse trabalho foi relatar a eficiência da tomografia computadorizada como ferramenta complementar para diagnostico conclusivo da DDIV e o sucesso do tratamento clínico e fisioterápico para esta doença. O animal em questão era um poodle com 11 anos de idade que apresentava quadro de ataxia e falta de coordenação motora e que foi diagnosticado com uma extrusão de disco intervertebral entre as vertebras T12 e T13 pela tomografia computadorizada. O tratamento eleito foi à base de anti-inflamatórios e fisioterapia com enfoque o fortalecimento da musculatura epaxial e hipaxial. Transcorrido 45 dias do início do tratamento, foi observado uma melhora significativa do animal, entretanto, uma futura intervenção cirúrgica não foi descartada.Palavras chave: ataxia, compressão medular, fisioterapia, Hansen. Diagnosis by computed tomography of the intervertebral disc extrusion in a geriatric patient: Case reportABSTRACT. Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is the most common cause of spinal cord compression in dogs, resulting in neurological problems, which can be classified into two types: Hansen type I (disc extrusion) and Hansen type II (disc protrusion), pressing the nerves of the marrow causing pain, ataxia, paralysis and paraplegia. The indicated treatment should be based on the degree of injury, and may be the clinical treatment associated with physical therapy, for less severe cases, based on the successes in the recovery of the condition, reported in the literature. The objective of this study was to report the efficiency of computed tomography as a complementary tool for conclusive diagnosis of DDIV and the success of clinical and physiotherapeutic treatment for this disease. The animal in question was an 11-year-old poodle that presented ataxia and motor

Background:The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) belongs to the family Cebidae and Subfamily Callitrichinae, a group formed by the smallest anthropoid primates. It is a very common species and adapts easily to captivity, an aspect that encourages the clandestine capture of these animals and makes them susceptible to wounds resulting from clandestine rearing and inadequate management, so that studies to understand the species are extremely important. With the objective of supplying anatomic bases for the practice of epidural anesthetic, data were studied regarding the topography of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Materials, Methods & Results:The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), PA, Brazil. Ten adult common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were used, 5 males and 5 females, with different causes of death. A round workbench magnifying lamp was used to better visualize the dissecation field. Number 15 scalpel blades, surgical pincers and scissors were used to dissect. After fixing in 10% formaldehyde aqueous solution, dissecation was made along the mid dorsal line, from the cranial thoracic region to the tail base to expose the vertebral arches and measure the intervertebral spaces. The vertebral arches were removed, and consequently the spinal dura mater was exposed, that was sectioned longitudinally to expose the spinal chord and identify the lumbar intumescence, the conus medullaris and the cauda equina. The length of the conus medullaris was measured and its skeletopy was established. The body and tail length data were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability. The mean value of the conus medullaris length was 1.4 cm, while the anatomic location of the conus medullaris varied slightly among the animals, but did not pass the limit between L3 for the base and L6 for the apex. On average, the lumbosacral space measured 3.03 mm, that is sufficient to introduce a needle similar to that used in syringes for insulin injection. The results of this study suggest the lumbarsacral space as location for epidural anesthetic application in Callithrix jacchus, at a safe point situated in the center of an isosceles triangle, the base of which is found when a line is drawn from one side of the pelvis to the other, and the apex corresponds the spinal process of the first sacral vertebra. Discussion: The anatomic location of the conus medullaris is different compared to two other primate species, the red handed tamarin (Saguinus midas), in which the cone base was registered at L4 and the apex at S2, and the common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) where the conus medullaris base occurs at L7-8 and the apex at S3 or Cc1. However, some similarities with other mammal groups were observed in the conus medullaris topography, such as the black-striped capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus). The mean conus medullaris length of the species Callithrix jacchus of 1.4 cm was close to that observ...