ResumoEstudos sobre eletrocardiograma (ECG) em Sapajus apella são restritos na literatura científica. Primatas não humanos podem ser sedados com benzodiazepínicos e após induzidos e mantidos anestesiados com propofol. O objetivo do presente estudo foi à descrição dos achados eletrocardiográficos em 18 macacos-prego (Sapajus apella) após sedação com midazolam e anestesia com propofol. A interpretação do eletrocardiograma foi realizada determinando-se os seguintes parâmetros: frequência (FC) e ritmo cardíaco, eixo elétrico (°), onda P, onda R, onda T, complexo QRS, intervalo P-R, intervalo Q-T e segmento ST. A FC média foi de 198,4 ± 22,9 bpm, a maioria dos macacos tinham ritmo sinusal normal, seguido de ritmo sinusal normal com marcapasso migratório. O eixo elétrico mais comumente observado manteve-se entre 60-90°. A administração intramuscular de midazolam, seguida de anestesia geral de curta ação com propofol não causou arritmias no traçado eletrocardiográfico e preservou a FC nos limites considerados fisiológicos para a espécie. Consequentemente, houve uma duração maior do intervalo Q-T comparado com estudos anteriores que utilizaram somente cetamina. Palavras-chave: Sapajus apella, propofol, midazolam, eletrocardiograma AbstractStudies on electrocardiography in Sapajus apella are restricted in the scientific literature. Nonhuman primates can be sedated with benzodiazepine and after induced and maintained anesthetized with propofol. The objective of the present study was to description of the electrocardiographic findings in 18 capuchin monkeys (Sapajus apella) after sedation with midazolam and anesthesia with propofol. The interpretation of the ECG was performed by determining the following parameters: frequency (HR) and heart rhythm, electrical axis (°) P wave, R wave, T wave, QRS complex, P-R interval, Q-T interval and ST segment. The HR mean was 198,4 ± 22,9 bpm, the majority of monkeys had normal sinus rhythm, followed by normal sinus rhythm with wandering pacemaker. The most commonly observed electrical axis was between 60-90°. Intramuscular administration of midazolam, followed by a shortacting general anesthesia with propofol did not cause arrhythmias in electrocardiographic tracing and preserved the FC in the limits considered physiological for to specie. Consequently, there was a longer
The use of bedside focus assessed transthoracic echocardiography (FATE) is widespread in human medicine, and the potential for veterinary medicine has only recently been investigated. Focused echocardiographic examination can be beneficial in critically ill patients compared to other bedside diagnostic methods, as well as facilitating rapid therapeutic approaches in the emergency room. The aim of this review is to discuss FATE and identify its main applications in veterinary medicine. In this context, FATE has proved to be benefical even when carried out by a non-cardiologist physician or veterinarian. However, a few references on this subject exist in the veterinary literature and there is still a need for standardization of this technique for use in animals.
ResumoCom o objetivo de avaliar a ultrassonografia torácica (incluindo a ecocardiografia) como método de exame complementar em pacientes portadores de efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, realizou-se a ultrassonografia torácica em 30 cães, machos e fêmeas de raças e idades variadas. Animais atendidos nos serviços de Pronto-Atendimento, Clínica Médica ou Clínica Cirúrgica do HOVET/USP com efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica, detectadas por meio de exame radiográfico, ultrassonografia emergencial ou toracocentese exploratória foram incluídos no estudo. Observou-se efusão pleural em 12 cães (40%), efusão pericárdica em oito (26,66%) e efusão pleural e pericárdica em outros dez cães (33,33%). A causa da efusão pleural e/ou pericárdica foram avaliadas ultrassonograficamente como sendo: nódulo/tumor cardíaco (5 -16,66%), nódulo/tumor intratorácico (5 -16,66%), insuficiência cardíaca congestiva por cardiomiopatia dilatada (4 -13,33%) ou endocardiose de mitral e tricúspide (3 -10%), efusão pericárdica idiopática (3 -10%), linfossarcoma (2 -6,66%), piotórax (2 -6,66%), ruptura diafragmática (1 -3,33%), hérnia peritônio-pericárdica (1 -3,33%), pneumonia e pleurite (1 -3,33%), tumor de ovário com metástases torácicas (1 -3,33%), pericardite infecciosa (cinomose) (1 -3,33%) e hipoalbuminemia (1 -3,33%). Concluiu-se que a ultrassonografia torácica demonstrou ser um excelente método diagnóstico auxiliar nos casos de efusão pleural e / ou pericárdica, além de ser não invasivo e seguro para o paciente, permitindo guiar punções com segurança e realizar o exame em diferentes decúbitos, evitando assim o estresse do paciente.Palavras-chave: Ultrassonografia torácica. Ecocardiografia. Efusão pleural. Efusão pericárdica. Cães. AbstractTo evaluate diagnostic accuracy of thoracic ultrasonography (including echocardiography) of patients with pleural and/or pericardial effusion, thoracic ultrasonography was performed in 30 dogs, males and females, of different breeds and ages. The animals were admitted to the Emergency, Internal medicine or Surgery department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, presenting with pleural and/or pericardial effusion, diagnosed by thoracic radiography, emergency thoracic ultrasonography or exploratory thoracocentesis. Twelve (40%) dogs had pleural effusion, 9 (30%) had pericardial effusion and 9 (30%) had both pleural and pericardial effusions. The definitive cause of effusion were obtained by thoracic ultrasonography as follows: heart mass (5 -16,66%), intrathoracic mass (5 -16,66%), congestive heart failure by dilated cardiomyopathy (4 -13,33%) or mitral and tricuspid insufficiency (3 -10%), idiopathic pericardial effusion (3 -10%), lymphosarcoma (2 -6,66%), pyothorax (2 -6,66%), traumatic diaphragmatic hernia (1 -3,33%), congenital peritoneopericardial hernia (1 -3,33%), pneumonia and pleuritis (1 -3,33%), ovarian neoplasia and thoracic metastasis (1 -3,33%), infectious pericarditis (distemper) (1 -3,33%) and hypoalbuminemia (1 -3,33%). The conclusion was that thoracic ultrasonography w...
IIIObstrução intestinal congênita em cão por aderência de alça em osso púbico Canine congenital intestinal obstruction due to a band of small bowel in the pubic bone
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