RESUMO:Estudo descritivo e correlacional, de corte transversal cujos objetivos foram avaliar a presença de estresse ocupacional entre os profissionais de enfermagem do bloco cirúrgico e possíveis associações entre o estresse ocupacional e as características profissionais. O modelo Demanda-Controle de Karasek foi utilizado para essa avaliação. A amostra foi constituída por 211 trabalhadores de enfermagem de 11 hospitais da cidade de Londrina-PR, os quais responderam a Job Stress Scale. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de abril a novembro de 2007. A maioria dos participantes era de auxiliares de enfermagem (62,6%), do sexo feminino (86,7%), casados (54,0%), com idade média de 40 anos e com exposição intermediária ao estresse ocupacional (56,1% OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG NURSING STAFF IN SURGICAL SETTINGSABSTRACT: This descriptive, correlation, and cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the presence of occupational stress among nursing professionals working in surgical settings and to investigate relations between occupational stress and the work characteristics. The Demand-Control Model proposed by Karasek was used to evaluate occupational stress. The sample was composed of 211 nursing professionals from 11 hospitals located in the city of Londrina-PR, Brazil. A questionnaire regarding socio-demographic and professional data and the Job Stress Scale were applied. Data was collected from April to November, 2007. Among the participants, most were auxiliary nurses (62.6%), women (86.7%), and married (54.0%). The average age was 40 years. The average for Demand, Control, and Social Support dimensions was 14.8 (S.D.=2.4), 16.5 (S.D.=2.3) and 18.7 (S.D.=2.8), respectively. Considering the results related to the Job Stress Scale, the Demand dimension showed a statistically significant association with the professional category (p=0.01), and Control showed a statistically significant association with the type of hospital, professional category, and weekly working hours (p<0.05). DESCRIPTORS:Stress. Nursing. Surgicenters. ESTRÉS OCUPACIONAL ENTRE PROFESIONALES DE ENFERMERíA QUE LABORAN EN UNIDADES QUIRÚRGICASRESUMEN: Se trata de un estudio de correlación, descriptivo y transversal, cuyo objetivo fue evaluar la incidencia de estrés laboral de trabajadores de enfermería que laboran en unidades quirúrgicas y las posibles asociaciones entre la medida de estrés laboral y las características del trabajo. El modelo Demanda-Control de Karasek fue utilizado para evaluar el estrés laboral. La muestra fue constituida por 211 profesionales de enfermería de 11 hospitales de la ciudad de Londrina-PR, Brasil. Los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario de datos generales, ocupacionales y la Job Stress Scale. La recolección de los datos fue hecha en el período de abril a noviembre de 2007. Los resultados demostraron que la mayoría eran auxiliares de enfermería (62,6%), del sexo femenino (86,7%), casados (54,0%), con media de edad de 40 años y con exposición intermediaria al estrés ocupacional (56,1%

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the Nosocomial Infection Control Programs in hospital institutions regarding structure and process indicators. METHOD: this is a descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study conducted in 2013. The study population comprised 13 Nosocomial Infection Control Programs of health services in a Brazilian city of the state of São Paulo. Public domain instruments available in the Manual of Evaluation Indicators of Nosocomial Infection Control Practices were used. RESULTS: The indicators with the highest average compliance were "Evaluation of the Structure of the Nosocomial Infection Control Programs" (75%) and "Evaluation of the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Nosocomial Infection" (82%) and those with the lowest mean compliance scores were "Evaluation of Operational Guidelines" (58.97%) and "Evaluation of Activities of Control and Prevention of Nosocomial Infection" (60.29%). CONCLUSION: The use of indicators identified that, despite having produced knowledge about prevention and control of nosocomial infections, there is still a large gap between the practice and the recommendations.

RESUMO Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem e farmacêuticos em relação à identificação de medicamentos potencialmente perigosos, bem como verificar o reconhecimento das barreiras de prevenção de erros nas instituições hospitalares. Método: estudo transversal, tipo inquérito, realizado em unidades de terapia intensiva de quatro hospitais. Um questionário construído e validado com base nas informações disponibilizadas pelo Instituto para Práticas Seguras no Uso de Medicamentos foi utilizado para coleta de dados. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, versão 22.0 e o teste de Kruskal-Wallis para investigar diferença dos resultados entre as categorias profissionais. Adotou-se o nível significância de 0,05. Resultados: foram incluídos 126 profissionais, entre os elegíveis para participação. Dentre os 33 medicamentos potencialmente perigosos indicados no instrumento, nenhum foi identificado como tal pela totalidade de respondentes, embora 17 fossem utilizados por mais de 95% dos entrevistados. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante nas respostas das diferentes categorias profissionais quanto à identificação desses medicamentos. Em relação às medidas de prevenção de erros, os enfermeiros constituíram a categoria profissional que distinguiu em maior número a existência de barreiras. Conclusão: este estudo apontou importantes lacunas no reconhecimento dos medicamentos potencialmente perigosos e adoção incipiente de barreiras para prevenção de incidentes, caracterizando situações de fragilidade nos hospitais por implicar na ruptura inicial das barreiras, especialmente quando os profissionais de saúde estão inseridos em um ambiente de alta complexidade.

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate how control bundles reduce the rate of central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections (CVC-BSIs) rates in critically ill patients.MethodsThis is a prospective before-and-after study designed to evaluate whether a set of control measures (bundle) can help prevent CVC-BSI. The bundles included a checklist that aimed to correct practices related to CVC insertion, manipulation, and maintenance based on guidelines of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).ResultsWe examined 123 checklists before and 155 checklists after implementation of the training program. Compared with the pre-intervention period, CVC-BSI rates decreased. Hand hygiene techniques were used correctly. CVC-BSI incidence was 9.3 and 5.1 per 1,000 catheter-days before and after the training program, respectively.ConclusionsThe implementation of a bundle and training program effectively reduces CVC-BSI rates.

OBJECTIVE To determine time standards for interventions and activities conducted by nursing professionals in Family Health Units (FHU) in Brazil to substantiate the calculation of work force. METHOD This was an observational study carried out in 27 FHU, in 12 municipalities in 10 states, in 2013. In each unit, nursing professionals were observed every 10 minutes, for eight work hours, on five consecutive days via the work sampling technique. RESULTS A total of 32,613 observations were made, involving 47 nurses and 93 nursing technicians/assistants. Appointments were the main intervention carried out by nurses, with a mean time of 25.3 minutes, followed by record-keeping, which corresponded to 9.7%. On average, nursing technicians/assistants spent 6.3% of their time keeping records and 30.6 intervention minutes on immunization/vaccination control. CONCLUSION The study resulted in standard times of interventions carried out by the FHU nursing team, which can underpin the determination of nursing staff size and human resource policies. Furthermore, the study showed the panorama of interventions currently employed, allowing for the work process to be reviewed and optimized.

Objectiveverify the application of the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method in the prediction of nursing human resources at a Family Health service. Methoddescriptive and quantitative study, undertaken at a Family Health service in the city of São Paulo. The set of sequential operations recommended in the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method was used: definition of the professional category, type of health service and calculation of Available Work Time; definition of workload components; identification of mean time for workload components; dimensioning of staff needs based on the method, application and interpretation of the data. Resultthe workload proposed in the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method to nursing technicians/auxiliary nurses was balanced with the number of professionals available at the Family Health service. The Workload Indicators of Staffing Need index amounted to 0.6 for nurses and 1.0 for nursing technicians/auxiliary nurses. Conclusionthe application of the Workload Indicators of Staffing Need method was relevant to identify the components of the nursing professionals' workload. Therefore, it is recommendable as a nursing staffing tool at Family Health services, contributing to the access and universal health coverage.

Estudo descritivo e transversal que objetiva identificar as atividades dos enfermeiros de Centro de Material e Esterilização de instituições hospitalares, segundo o perfil de atividades e frequência de realização. A seleção dos sujeitos realizou-se pela técnica em cadeia de referência ou "bola de neve". Os dados foram coletados com a ferramenta Google Docs Offline®, com questionário autoaplicado contendo a caracterização profissional e as atividades específicas dos enfermeiros de Centro de Material e Esterilização. Os resultados evidenciam, em relação ao perfil dos respondentes, faixa etária entre 21 e 30 anos e com especialização na área de Centro de Material e Esterilização (33,4%). Das 25 atividades relacionadas, 15 atividades apresentam frequência de realização diária, nove atividades, realização mensal e 14 atividades aparecem como nunca sendo realizadas. Evidencia-se a necessidade de incorporar novas questões sobre o futuro do trabalho no Centro de Material e Esterilização, sugerindo o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas na área.

Background: Removing an indwelling urinary catheter as soon as possible is the cornerstone of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) prevention. However, implementing this measure may be challenging in clinical settings. To evaluate the impact of implementing a healthcare workers (HCWs) educational program and a daily checklist for indwelling urinary catheter indications among critical patients on the incidence of CAUTI. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study performed in a general intensive care unit of a tertiary-care hospital over a 12 years period, from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2016. Rates of urinary catheter use and incidence density of CAUTI were monthly evaluated following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria throughout the study period. Phase I (2005–2006) was the pre-intervention period. In phase II (2007–2010), HCWs routine training on CAUTI prevention was performed twice-a-year. In phase III (2011–2014), we implemented a daily checklist for indwelling urinary catheter indications, in addition to the biannual training. In phase IV, (2015–2016) the biannual training was replaced by training only newly hired HCWs and the daily checklist was maintained. Results: The mean rate of urinary catheter utilization decreased from phase I to phase IV (73.1%, 74.1%, 54.9%, and 45.6%, respectively). Similarly, the incidence density of CAUTI decreased from phase I to phase IV (14.9, 7.3, 3.8, and 1.1 per 1000 catheter-days, respectively). Conclusions: HCWs education and daily evaluation of indwelling urinary catheter indications were highly effective in reducing the rates of catheter utilization as well as the incidence density of CAUTI.