Cambuizeiro is a fruit native to the Atlantic Forest biome that has potential for ornamental use and for human consumption, either raw or processed, due to the organoleptic characteristics of its fruits. Accordingly, the study objective was to evaluate the fruiting periods and quality attributes of two types of cambuizeiros, differentiated by fruit color. The plants studied were from a natural population from the Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros Experimental Station, in the municipality of Itaporanga d’Ajuda, state of Sergipe, Brazil. A total of 20 plants, 14 with orange and six with purple fruit, seven days after anthesis (DAA), were evaluated weekly during fruiting. After harvest, the fruits were evaluated for weight, length, width, number of seeds, pH, soluble solids (SS), total titratable acidity (TTA) and vitamin C content. There was heterogeneity in the ripening of the two cambuizeiro types. The highest peak of ripening occurred at 63 DAA (83.2% of orange and 68.3% of purple fruits). The purple fruits had superior physical attributes. However, the pulp of the orange colored fruits had a higher TTA content. Both types of fruits have potential characteristics for commercial exploration and use.

The objective of this study was to evaluate and select morphological and physicochemical descriptors for the characterization of mangaba tree germplasm. We used 30 descriptors in 54 plants from 10 accesses in the fruiting stage (CA, AB, PT, PR, TC, PA, LG, BI, IP and AD) from the Active Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Coastal Tablelands located in the Experimental Field of Itaporanga d'Ajuda, Sergipe, Brazil, faithful trustee of the species. The diversity was verified between and within the accesses, however, without direct relation with its origins. The mean vitamin C content was considered high (394.45 mg/100g) and there was no difference between the accesses. There was a significant difference for most descriptors related to the growth of the plants and the physicochemical characteristics of the fruits. The results are important for the conservation actions of the species and individuals selection for future improvement programs.

The cambui tree (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd) O. Berg), is a native fruit tree from Brazil, whose fruit present potential in natura and industrial consumption. Our objective was to evaluate the genetic diversity between individuals differentiated by fruit color -orange and purple, by using ISSR molecular markers. The plant material belongs to the Caju Private Natural Heritage Reserve, experimental field of Embrapa Coastal Tablelands, in the municipality of Itaporanga d'Ajuda, SE. Young leaves from 25 individuals (15 with orange color fruit and 10 with purple color fruits) were collected for DNA extraction and PCR-ISSR analysis with 15 primers, which produced a total of 93 bands, being 95.5% of them polymorphic. The mean similarity was 0.53, based on the Jaccard coefficient. The least similar individuals were FR5 and FL8; FR5 and FL9; FR1 and FR5. The most similar pairs of individuals were FL3 and FL4; FL4 and FL5. The UPGMA analysis clustered the individuals into two groups. Although no specific molecular marking that characterizes fruit coloration has been found, there is genetic variability among the evaluated individuals. Diversidade genética de cambuizeiros (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd) O. Berg) diferenciados pela coloração dos frutos RESUMO: O cambuizeiro (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd) O. Berg), é uma frutífera nativa do Brasil, cujos frutos apresentam potencial para consumo in natura e industrial. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade genética entre indivíduos diferenciados pela coloração dos frutos -laranja e roxa, utilizando marcadores moleculares ISSR. O material vegetal pertence a Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural do Caju, campo experimental da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, no município de Itaporanga d'Ajuda, SE. Folhas jovens de 25 indivíduos (15 com frutos de cor laranja e 10 com frutos de cor roxa) foram coletadas para extração de DNA e análise PCR-ISSR com 15 primers, os quais produziram um total de 93 bandas, sendo 95,5% polimórficas. A similaridade média foi de 0,53, com base no coeficiente de Jaccard. Os indivíduos menos semelhantes foram FR5 e FL8; FR5 e FL9; FR1 e FR5. Os pares de indivíduos mais similares foram FL3 e FL4; FL4 e FL5. A análise UPGMA agrupou os indivíduos em dois grupos. Apesar de não ter sido encontrada uma marca molecular específica que caracterize a coloração dos frutos, há variabilidade genética entre os indivíduos avaliados. Palavras-chave: frutas nativas; ISSR; MyrtaceaeGenetic diversity of cambui trees (Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willd) O. Berg)differentiated by the color of the fruit Rev. Bras.

RESUMO:A mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes -Apocynaceae) é uma planta nativa do Brasil, com crescente devastação nas áreas de ocorrência natural. Estudos de diversidade genética tem sido desenvolvidos para elaboração de estratégias de conservação da espécie. Devido à demanda de pesquisadores interessados na busca de um protocolo padronizado para extração de DNA de mangabeira, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido para avaliar a eficiência de protocolos de extração de DNA na aplicação de técnicas moleculares em amostras da espécie. Foram utilizadas folhas jovens provenientes de acessos do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Mangaba da Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, localizado em Itaporanga d'Ajuda, Sergipe. Foram testadas quatro protocolos e os ácidos nucleicos obtidos foram quantificados em espectrofotômetro. Três amostras com as maiores concentrações de DNA foram utilizadas nos diferentes protocolos para a PCR-ISSR utilizando seis primers (UBC 864, UBC 848, UBC 835, UBC 817, UBC 811 e UBC 80). A análise conjunta da quantificação e amplificação da PCR sugere a recomendação do protocolo de extração 2 (PE2) para extração de DNA de mangabeira. Palavras-chave: Frutas nativas. Recursos genéticos. Marcadores molecularesDNA extraction in mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) SUMMARY: Mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosa Gomes -Apocynaceae) is a native plant of Brazil, with increasing devastation in areas of natural occurrence. Studies of genetic diversity have been developed for the elaboration of strategies of conservation. Due to the demand of researchers interested in the search for a standardized protocol for extraction of DNA, the present work was developed to evaluate the efficiency of DNA extraction protocols in the application of molecular techniques in samples of the species. Young leaves were obtained from accessions of the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, located in Itaporanga d'Ajuda, Sergipe. Four protocols were tested and the nucleic acids obtained were quantified in spectrophotometer. Three samples with the highest concentrations of DNA were used in the different protocols for the PCR-ISSR using six primers (UBC 864, UBC 848, UBC 835, UBC 817, UBC 811 and UBC 80). The joint analysis of PCR quantification and amplification suggests the recommendation of extraction protocol 2 (PE2) for the DNA extraction in mangaba.Keywords: Native fruits. Genetic resources. Molecular markers INTRODUÇÃOA mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes -Apocynaceae) é uma planta nativa do Brasil, e está entre as primeiras espécies frutíferas cuja ocorrência foi relatada pelos exploradores da costa do Brasil no século XVI, pois apresenta ampla distribuição geográfica (LIMA, 1957). É uma espécie típica dos Cerrados, tabuleiros costeiros e baixada litorânea do Nordeste (SILVA JUNIOR; LÉDO, 2006). O potencial para o aproveitamento do seu fruto, a mangaba, é bastante variado, sendo utilizada para o 1 UFS 2 IFS-SE 3 Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros

This study aimed to evaluate the Mangaba Genebank of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, Brazil, since its implementation in 2006 and characterize the accessions in the reproductive stage. We used 21 descriptors (botanical, morphological, growth, biometric, and physicochemical) to assess mangaba germplasm, as well as the data of enrichment and survival since the genebank implementation. There was a success in the enrichment, maintenance, and diversity of the germplasm evaluated. The results showed a significant difference between the accessions for most descriptors. The fruits presented good quality characteristics both for fresh consumption and processing. Moreover, these results supported the publication of the minimum descriptors for this species by Bioversity International and Embrapa. The knowledge of mangaba variability will subsidize conservation strategies and should encourage future researches on breeding.