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The aim of this study was to provide a detailed anatomic atlas of the cranial abdomen by means of computed tomography (CT). Three mature dogs, all mixed breed males, were used. The dogs were sedated, anaesthetized and positioned in sternal recumbency. CT scans from the eighth thoracic vertebra to the fourth lumbar vertebra were performed using a third-generation equipment (TOSHIBA 600HQ scanner) with 1 cm slice thickness. CT-images of the cranial abdomen were taken with soft-tissue window (WL: -14, WW: 658) settings. Dogs were killed and vascular-injection technique was performed: red and blue latex filled the vascular system. Injected dogs were frozen in the same position as used for CT examination and sectioned with an electric bandsaw at 1-cm-thick intervals. The cuts matched as closely as possible to the CT-images. The anatomic sections were compared and studied with the corresponding CT-images, and clinically relevant abdominal anatomic structures were identified and labelled on the corresponding CT-images. The results of our study could be used as a reference for evaluating CT-images of the canine cranial abdomen with abdominal diseases.

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This technique seems adequate for phenotyping a large number of RBC units at very low cost, thus facilitating the availability of phenotyped blood.

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Background and Objectives: The supply of phenotyped red blood cells (RBC) for patients with several RBC antibodies presents a difficult task to hospital blood banks and regional blood centers. The aim of this study was to establish a low–cost typing system to allow extensive phenotyping of regular blood donors for clinically significant RBC antigens. Materials and Methods: We developed a new buffer that greatly intensifies the antigen–antibody reaction and thus reduces the quantity of serum needed for phenotyping. The procedure was carried out on microplates. Results: A total of 20,435 regular blood donors have been typed to date. For 752 units required for transfusion, 3,584 phenotyping tests were performed, validating the results by tube or gel typing methods; agreement was achieved in all cases. Conclusion: This technique seems adequate for phenotyping a large number of RBC units at very low cost, thus facilitating the availability of phenotyped blood.

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