Thymoma associated with CD4+ lymphopenia, cytomegalovirus infection, and Kaposi's sarcoma

What is Good's syndrome? Immunological abnormalities in patients with thymoma

“…Isolated defects in cell mediated immunity giving rise to opportunistic viral and fungal infections have also been described in patients with thymomas. [14][15][16] Diarrhoea has been reported in almost 50% of patients with Good's syndrome. 6 Enteric bacteria, giardia, and CMV have been isolated from patients with diarrhoea, although in most cases no definite pathogens were identified.…”

Thymoma and immunodeficiency (Good syndrome): a report of 2 unusual cases and review of the literature

“…20 Despite opportunistic infections occurring more commonly in patients with Good syndrome, there are few reported cases of associated Kaposi sarcoma, as described in case 2, without HIV infection or transplantation. 21,22 Currently, 4 epidemiologic forms of Kaposi sarcoma exist: the classic form seen in Mediterranean or Eastern European males, usually affecting the lower extremities; an endemic or African form, which is not typically associated with immunodeficiency found in all parts of equatorial Africa, especially sub-Saharan Africa; a transplant-related form, which occurs after solid organ transplantation; and the AIDS-related or epidemic form, which occurs in HIV-infected individuals. Our patient is of Eastern European origin and thus may have been predisposed to the classic form of the disease; however, it is important to recognize that his underlying immunodeficiency and subsequently poor immune defense mechanisms may have played a role in manifestation of disease as well.…”

Kaposi’s Sarcoma in a Patient with Erythroblastopenia and Thymoma: Reactivation after Topical Corticosteroids

“…The interval between thymoma diagnosis and KS appearance ranges from a few months to 6 years. As in our case, some of these patients had been treated with thymectomy and/or immunosuppressive therapy before KS developed [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. Coexisting KS and thymoma have been related to myasthenia gravis, immunosuppressive therapy, CD4+ lymphopenia [12]and increase of CD8+ T lymphocyte counts [11].…”

“…Lymphoproliferative disorders are the most frequently observed (60%) [3]. Several cases of KS associated with thymoma have been reported in the literature [4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]. The interval between thymoma diagnosis and KS appearance ranges from a few months to 6 years.…”